THE 13 AUGUST 2010 CATASTROPHIC DEBRIS FLOWS IN SICHUAN PROVINCE:CHARACTERISTICS,GENETIC MECHANISM AND SUGGESTIONS
THE 13 AUGUST 2010 CATASTROPHIC DEBRIS FLOWS IN SICHUAN PROVINCE:CHARACTERISTICS,GENETIC MECHANISM AND SUGGESTIONS
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发表时间：
2010-10
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通讯作者：
X. Qiang
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作者：
X. Qiang
2010年8月12 ~ 14日，四川省部分地区普降暴雨，绵竹市清平镇、汶川县映秀镇、都江堰市龙池镇等地发生特大泥石流，属于最坏的人512汶川大地震灾区。这场灾难被政府称为2010年8月13日四川省特大泥石流。这场泥石流灾害表明，地震区与非地震区、震前与震后的泥石流在分布、形成条件、规模、运动方式以及其它灾害形式和危害性等方面都有明显的差异，本文首先对8.13清平、映秀红椿沟和龙池泥石流作了简要介绍，分析了8.13特大泥石流的特征和成因，研究结果表明，汶川8 - 13泥石流不仅具有群体性、突发性、破坏性和灾害链效应等特点，而且还具有沿着地震断层呈带状分布的显著特征，物质主要来源于汶川地震触发的岩滑存款，下切运动是主要的运动方式，特别丰富的松散固体物质和局部的短切，针对汶川地震区泥石流的这些新特点，应加强对地震区泥石流的防治措施，特别是对泥石流隐患较大的沟谷，一方面，要加强对泥石流的防治，另一方面，要加强对泥石流灾害的防治。一方面要提高驻军水平，加强工程管理和专业监控，另一方面要引入风险管理和控制理念，采取预防与管理相结合、软硬结合、工程措施与非工程措施相结合、在地质灾害防治工作中，应注重行政管理与管理相结合，动员全社会力量共同防治地质灾害。
From 12 to 14 of August 2010,heavy rain even rainstorms have been dropped in part of area in Sichuan province,and catastrophic debris flow have been induced in Qingping town of Mianzhu city,Yingxiu town of Wenchuan county and Longchi town of Dujiangyan city,which belonged to the worst-hit areas of the 5 12 Wenchuan earthquake.This disaster was referred by government as the 13 August 2010 catastrophic debris flow in Sichuan province.This debris flow disaster demonstrated that the debris flow in seismic zone or in none-seismic zone,pre-earthquake or post-earthquake had significant differences in distribution,forming condition,scale,moving style as well as other disaster mode and harmfulness.Firstly,a brief introduction to the 8 13 Qingping,Hongchungou of Yingxiu and Longchi debris flows have been made in this paper.The characteristic and formation reason of the 8 13 catastrophic debris flow,in Wenchuan earthquake region,have been analyzed and summarized and several revelations and suggestions to the prevention of the debris flow in disaster area have been put forward.The research result showed that the 8 13 debris flow not only had the characteristics of group properties,sudden features,destructiveness and hazard chain effect,but also had the significant characteristics of zonal distribution along the seismic fault,materials mainly coming from rock slide deposit which triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake and down-cutting being the mainly moving mode.Extraordinary abundant loose solid materials and local short-time heavy rainfall by the extreme climate in the earthquake region were the basic reason of the debris flow occurrence.In allusion to these new characteristics of the debris flow in Wenchuan earthquake region,the prevention measures to debris flow in earthquake region should be strengthened,especially those valleys of great debris flow hidden trouble.On the one hand,the standard of the garrison should be improved and the engineering management as well as specialty monitor should be intensified.On the other hand,risk management and control ideal should be brought in.The combination of prevention and administration,the combination of soft and hard,the combination of engineering measures and non-engineering measures,and the combination of administration and management was supposed to be focused on.What else,mobilizing the whole society to prevent geological disaster all together.