Relationships among adolescents' weight perceptions, exercise goals, exercise motivation, quality of life and leisure-time exercise behaviour: a self-determination theory approach
Relationships among adolescents' weight perceptions, exercise goals, exercise motivation, quality of life and leisure-time exercise behaviour: a self-determination theory approach
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DOI：
10.1093/her/cyl139
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Skevington, S. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gillison, F. B.;Standage, M.;Skevington, S. M.
运动在预防儿童和青少年肥胖方面发挥着重要作用。最近的以学校为基础的干预措施一直难以实现有意义和持久的运动水平变化。理论家提出，这可能在一定程度上是由于未能将心理社会调解人纳入其中，因为它们与行为改变有关。以580名英国学龄儿童为样本，探索了一个基于自我决定理论的模型，以检验锻炼目标对锻炼动机、闲暇时间锻炼行为和生活质量的影响。结构方程模型的结果显示，青少年认为自己超重，并有减肥的压力，他们支持与锻炼有关的外在体重目标。外在目标负向预测自我决定动机，而内在目标正向预测自我决定动机，后者反过来正向预测生活质量和锻炼行为。此外，自我决定的动机部分中介了锻炼目标对报告的锻炼行为和生活质量的影响。多样本不变性检验表明，所提出的模型在性别间基本不变。结果表明，持有外在运动目标可能会影响运动参与水平和生活质量。建议教师和家长发挥作用，目的是引导年轻人实现内在目标，试图提高未来的锻炼行为和生活质量。
Exercise has an important role to play in the prevention of child and adolescent obesity. Recent school-based interventions have struggled to achieve meaningful and lasting changes to exercise levels. Theorists have suggested that this may, in part, be due to the failure to incorporate psychosocial mediators as they relate to behaviour change. Using a sample of 580 British schoolchildren, a model grounded in self-determination theory was explored to examine the effects of exercise goals on exercise motivation, leisure-time exercise behaviour and quality of life (QoL). Results of structural equation modelling revealed that adolescents perceiving themselves to be overweight and pressurized to lose weight, endorsed extrinsic weight-related goals for exercise. Extrinsic goals negatively predicted, whereas intrinsic goals positively predicted, self-determined motivation, which in turn positively predicted QoL and exercise behaviour. Furthermore, self-determined motivation partially mediated the effects of exercise goals on reported exercise behaviour and QoL. Multi-sample invariance testing revealed the proposed model to be largely invariant across gender. Results suggest that holding extrinsic exercise goals could compromise exercise participation levels and QoL. A role for teachers and parents is proposed with the aim of orienting young people towards intrinsic goals in an attempt to enhance future exercise behaviour and QoL.