Economic and social rights and truth commissions
Economic and social rights and truth commissions
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经济和社会权利及真相委员会
DOI：
10.1080/13642987.2019.1613380
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. C. Ochoa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. C. Ochoa
摘要本文探讨是否应将侵犯经济和社会权利的行为纳入真相委员会的专题任务，如果应纳入，如何纳入。具体而言，它分析了调查大规模的违反ESR的行为是否符合传统的TC拥有的权力和职能。本文认为，TC可以调查大规模的ESR违规行为，而不涉及自己的政策决定。为了支持这一点，它首先强调了TC调查这些侵权行为的权力的内容。第二，它表明，确定由经济、社会和文化权利产生的绝大多数国家义务的内容相对容易，因为这些义务是立即生效的。最后，报告强调了最近关于经济、社会和文化权利裁决的研究结果，即国内和国际法院和机构已经发展了各种明确的法律的技术来裁决违反经济、社会和文化权利的行为。本研究报告还讨论了因经济、社会和文化权利而产生的各类国家义务、对经济、社会和文化权利进行司法审查的相关经验以及肯尼亚和东帝汶过渡委员会对大规模违反经济、社会和文化权利行为的调查，从而阐明了其任务包括大规模违反经济、社会和文化权利行为的过渡委员会如何调查这些侵权行为。这项工作还查明了这类调查所产生的能力和其他实际挑战，并提出了应对措施。
ABSTRACT This article asks whether economic and social rights (ESR) violations should be included in the thematic mandate of truth commissions (TCs), and if so, how. Specifically, it analyses whether to investigate large-scale ESR violations would conform to the powers and functions that traditionally TCs have had. This paper argues that TCs can investigate large-scale ESR violations without involving themselves in policy determinations. To support this, it first stresses the content of TC's power to investigate these violations. Second, it demonstrates that determining the content of the large majority of State duties arising from ESR is relatively easy as they are of immediate effect. Lastly, it emphasizes the finding of recent research on ESR adjudication that domestic and international courts and bodies have developed a variety of well-articulated legal techniques to adjudicate ESR violations. Based on a discussion of the various types of State duties arising from ESR, relevant experiences from judicial review on ESR and the Kenyan and East Timorese TCs’ investigations of large-scale ESR violations, this study also sheds light on how TCs whose mandate include large-scale ESR violations can investigate these abuses. This work also identifies capacity and other practical challenges arising from this type of investigation and proposes measures to address them.