Multiple spatial scale factors affecting mirid bug abundance and damage level in organic rice paddies
Multiple spatial scale factors affecting mirid bug abundance and damage level in organic rice paddies
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.11.011
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Washitani, Izumi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Takada, Mayura B.;Yoshioka, Akira;Washitani, Izumi
稻瘟虫是水稻生产中的主要害虫，它在日本的活动范围急剧扩大，导致经济损失增加，特别是对有机水稻种植者。本研究对影响有机水稻田内和景观尺度的害虫及其危害因素进行了研究。单田害虫密度、作物危害程度与杂草密度呈显著正相关。昆虫密度与四蛛和厚蛛密度呈负相关，表明这些蜘蛛作为生物防治剂有助于降低作物损害水平。在景观尺度上，在焦点场周围400 m半径范围内，昆虫密度随休耕面积比例的增加而增加。休耕区是昆虫重要的生境来源，昆虫丰度受影响的空间范围反映了昆虫的流动性。这些结果表明，在不到半公里的缓冲带内，将天敌生物防治与单田及周边景观的杂草管理相结合，可以有效地控制有机稻田的稻螟及其危害。(C) 2011爱思唯尔公司版权所有。
Mirid bugs, major insect pests in rice production, have dramatically expanded their range in Japan, resulting in increased economic losses especially for organic rice farmers. In this study, the within-field and landscape-scale factors affecting the bug and its damage to crops were examined in organic rice farms. Bug densities and crop damage levels showed significant positive relationships with weed densities (Schoenoplectus juncoides and Echinochloa crus-galli) within individual fields. Bug densities were negatively associated with Tetragnatha spp. and Pachygnatha clercki densities, indicating that these spiders act as biological control agents that help to decrease crop damage levels. At the landscape scale, bug densities increased with the proportion of the area that was fallow within a 400-m radius around focal fields. Fallows represent important source habitat for the bug and the spatial extent at which bug abundance was affected indicates the mobility of these insects. These results suggest that the combination of biological control by natural enemies, and weed management within individual paddies and surrounding landscapes inside a buffer zone of less than half a kilometre may be effective in controlling mirid bugs and the damage they cause in organic paddy fields. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.