Pregnancy-associated bovine and ovine glycoproteins exhibit spatially and temporally distinct expression patterns during pregnancy
Pregnancy-associated bovine and ovine glycoproteins exhibit spatially and temporally distinct expression patterns during pregnancy
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DOI：
10.1095/biolreprod62.6.1624
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发表时间：
2000-06-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Roberts, RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green, JA;Xie, SC;Roberts, RM
妊娠相关糖蛋白（PAC）是一个新近发现的重复基因大家族。它们显示出与胃蛋白酶和相关天冬氨酸蛋白酶的结构相似性。共鉴定了21个牛PAC和9个绵羊PAG cDNA。系统发育分析表明，PAC分为两个主要的分组，准确地反映了他们的组织表达，通过原位杂交确定。在第一种模式中，由ovPAG-2和boPAG-2、-8、-10和-11（其中编号是任意的，并且反映了物种内的发现顺序）表示，表达发生在整个胎盘的外上皮层（滋养外胚层）。第二种模式是主要定位于双核细胞。核糖核酸酶保护试验，它允许密切相关的成绩单之间的歧视，已经表明，PAC的表达在怀孕期间的时间方式不同。在那些主要在双核细胞中表达的牛FAG中，boPAC-1、boPAC-6和boPAC-7在第25天胎盘中弱表达（如果有的话），但在妊娠中期和末期存在。其他的，例如boPAG-4、-5和-9，在第25天和更早阶段表达。虽然不是由滋养层产生的最早的PAC之一，但boPAC-1已用于妊娠诊断，特别是在奶牛中，其中主要需要能够在受孕1个月内检测妊娠的灵敏方法。一些新发现的PAC可能比PAG-1更适合用于妊娠诊断。
The pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAC) constitute a large family of recently duplicated genes. They show structural resemblance to pepsin and related aspartic proteinases. A total of 21 bovine (bo) PAC and 9 ovine (ov) PAG cDNA have been identified. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the PAC are divided into two main groupings that accurately reflect their tissue expression, as determined by in situ hybridization. In the first pattern, represented by ovPAG-2 and boPAG-2, -8, -10, and -11 (where the numbering is arbitrary and reflects order of discovery within species), expression occurred throughout the outer epithelial layer of the placenta (trophectoderm). The second pattern was predominant localization to binucleate cells. Ribonuclease protection assays, which allow discrimination between closely related transcripts, have shown that the expression of PAC varies in a temporal manner over pregnancy. Of those bovine FAG expressed predominantly in binucleate cells, boPAC-1, -6, and -7 are expressed weakly, if at all, by Day 25 placenta, but are present at the middle and end of pregnancy. Others, such as boPAG-4, -5, and -9, are expressed at Day 25 and at earlier stages. Although not among the earliest PAC produced by the trophoblast, boPAC-1 has been used for pregnancy diagnosis, particularly in dairy cows, where there is a major need for a sensitive method capable of detecting pregnancy within 1 mo of conception. It seems likely that some of the newly discovered PAC will be better candidates than PAG-1 for pregnancy diagnosis.