Non-Abelian statistics and topological quantum information processing in 1D wire networks
Non-Abelian statistics and topological quantum information processing in 1D wire networks
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DOI：
10.1038/nphys1915
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Fisher, Matthew P. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alicea, Jason;Oreg, Yuval;Fisher, Matthew P. A.
量子计算机的合成仍然是现代物理学中的一个持续挑战。尽管退相干阻碍了大多数方法，但拓扑量子计算方案通过非本地存储量子信息来避免硬件级别的退相干。在这里，我们建立了一个关键的操作编织的非阿贝尔任意子，可以使用一维半导体导线。这样的电线可以被驱动到拓扑阶段，支持长期寻找的粒子，称为马约拉纳费米子，可以编码拓扑量子比特。我们表明，在有线网络，马约拉纳费米子可以有意义地编织通过简单地调整栅极电压，并且它们表现出非阿贝尔统计一样，在p + ip超导体的涡旋。我们提出的实验装置，使探测的马约拉纳融合规则和有效的交换任意数量的马约拉纳费米子。这项工作应该为拓扑量子计算开辟一个新的方向，受益于物理透明性和实验可行性。
The synthesis of a quantum computer remains an ongoing challenge in modern physics. Whereas decoherence stymies most approaches, topological quantum computation schemes evade decoherence at the hardware level by storing quantum information non-locally. Here we establish that a key operation-braiding of non-Abelian anyons-can be implemented using one-dimensional semiconducting wires. Such wires can be driven into a topological phase supporting long-sought particles known as Majorana fermions that can encode topological qubits. We show that in wire networks, Majorana fermions can be meaningfully braided by simply adjusting gate voltages, and that they exhibit non-Abelian statistics like vortices in a p + ip superconductor. We propose experimental set-ups that enable probing of the Majorana fusion rules and the efficient exchange of arbitrary numbers of Majorana fermions. This work should open a new direction in topological quantum computation that benefits from physical transparency and experimental feasibility.