REGULATION OF NEGATIVE REACTIVITY DURING THE STRANGE SITUATION - TEMPERAMENT AND ATTACHMENT IN 12-MONTH-OLD INFANTS
REGULATION OF NEGATIVE REACTIVITY DURING THE STRANGE SITUATION - TEMPERAMENT AND ATTACHMENT IN 12-MONTH-OLD INFANTS
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DOI：
10.1016/0163-6383(91)90027-p
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发表时间：
1991-07-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
STIFTER, CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BRAUNGART, JM;STIFTER, CA
本研究的目的是研究12个月大婴儿在陌生情境中表现出的调节行为，以及这些行为与婴儿的消极反应和依恋分类的关系程度。研究对象包括80名健康的头胎婴儿及其母亲。在陌生情境中测量了消极情绪和四种调节类别（人取向、对象取向、自我安慰行为和玩具探索）。相关分析显示，明显心烦意乱的婴儿倾向于对人的损失，更多地倾向于对物体的损失，并从事丢失玩具的探索。方差分析显示依恋组（A、B1-B2、B3-B4和C）在反应性和调节方面存在显著差异。B1-B2安全亚组表现出低水平的窘迫和低水平的调节。相反，B3-B4安全亚组在分离和团聚时表现出高水平的负面情绪和高水平的调节行为（例如，人与对象取向）。被归类为不安全回避型的婴儿表现出适度的痛苦，与预期相反，并表现出自我导向的调节类型（例如，自我安慰和玩具探索）。最后，不安全抵抗型婴儿表现出强烈的负性反应，在分离时表现出一些调节行为，但在团聚时几乎没有调节行为。
The purpose of the present study was to examine 12-month-olds' regulatory behaviors displayed during the Strange Situation and the extent to which those behaviors were related to infants' negative reactivity and attachment classification. Subjects included 80 healthy firstborn infants and their mothers. Negative affect and four regulatory categories (people orientation, object orientation, self-comforting behaviors, and toy exploration) were measured during the Strange Situation. Correlational analyses revealed that infants who were overtly upset oriented loss toward people, more toward objects, and engaged in loss toy exploration. Analyses of variance yielded significant differences for attachment groups (A, B1-B2, B3-B4, and C) in reactivity and regulation. The B1-B2 secure subgroup showed low levels of distress and low levels of regulation. Conversely, the B3-B4 secure subgroup displayed high levels of negative affect and high levels of regulatory behaviors during separation and reunion episodes (e.g., people and object orientation). Infants classified as insecure avoidant displayed moderate amounts of distress, contrary to expectations, and exhibited self directed types of regulation (e.g., self-comforting and toy exploration). Finally, insecure-resistant infants expressed intense levels of negative reactivity, exhibited some regulatory behaviors during separation, but little regulation during reunion.