The Neotropical Fish Subfamily Cynodontinae (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes): A Phylogenetic Study and a Revision of Cynodon and Rhaphiodon
The Neotropical Fish Subfamily Cynodontinae (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes): A Phylogenetic Study and a Revision of Cynodon and Rhaphiodon
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新热带鱼类亚科 Cynodontinae（Teleostei：Ostariophys：Characiformes）：Cynodon 和 Rhaphiodon 的系统发育研究和修订
DOI：
10.1206/0003-0082(2000)286
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
M. Toledo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Toledo
摘要为探讨棘齿兽科的单一性及其种间关系，对棘齿兽种的骨学特征和其他特征进行了研究。许多衍生的性状证实了Cynodontinae及其三个属（Cynodon属、Rhaphiodon属和Hydrolycus属）是单系的假设。水螅（Hydrolycus armatus）是H. tatauaia的姊妹类群；scomberoides是由后两个物种组成的分支的姐妹类群；H. wallacei是由H. armatus， H. tatauaia和H. scomberoides组成的分支的姐妹群。Rhaphiodon vulpinus是Cynodon的姐妹类群，它们是由Hydrolycus物种形成的分支的姐妹类群。三个Cynodon Agassiz， 1829，种被诊断。Cynodon gibbus Agassiz， 1829年，产于亚马逊河流域和Río Orinoco盆地，以及圭亚那的Rupununi河。Cynodon meionactis gsamry等人，1999年发现于法属圭亚那的马罗尼河上游，而新物种C. septenarius则发现于亚马逊河流域及其支流，在里奥斯河<s:1>和Tapajós河口之间，在圭亚那的Essequibo河和Demerara河，以及Río奥里诺科河流域的上游。Rhaphiodon Agassiz, 1829，是单型的，其中R. vulpinus是分布最广泛的犬齿动物，其分布延伸到Río Paraná-Paraguay和Río乌拉圭系统。
Abstract Osteological features of cynodontine species and other characiforms were examined in order to investigate the monophyly of the Cynodontinae and the relationships among its species. A number of derived characters corroborated the hypothesis that the Cynodontinae and its three included genera Cynodon, Rhaphiodon, and Hydrolycus are monophyletic. Hydrolycus armatus is the sister group of H. tatauaia; H. scomberoides is the sister group of the clade formed by the latter two species; and H. wallacei is the sister group of the clade formed by H. armatus, H. tatauaia, and H. scomberoides. Rhaphiodon vulpinus is the sister group to Cynodon, and together they are the sister group to the clade formed by Hydrolycus species. Three Cynodon Agassiz, 1829, species are diagnosed. Cynodon gibbus Agassiz, 1829, occurs in the Rio Amazonas and Río Orinoco basins, and the Rupununi River, Guyana. Cynodon meionactis Géry et al., 1999, occurs in the upper Maroni River, French Guiana, and C. septenarius, new species, occurs in the Rio Amazonas and its tributaries between the mouths of the Rios Içá and Tapajós, in the Essequibo and Demerara rivers in Guyana, and in the upper portions of the Río Orinoco basin. Rhaphiodon Agassiz, 1829, is monotypic with R. vulpinus being the most widely distributed cynodontine, its distribution extending to the Río Paraná-Paraguay, and Río Uruguay systems.