Motor function of the cerebellorubrospinal system.
Motor function of the cerebellorubrospinal system.
复制标题
小脑红核脊髓系统的运动功能。
DOI：
10.1152/physrev.1994.74.3.509
复制
发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
33.6
通讯作者：
Houk,JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Keifer,J;Houk,JC
脊髓包含产生随意肢体运动所需的神经元回路。脊髓还包含称为中央模式生成电路的神经元集合，这些神经元集合产生一些刻板的运动模式，例如运动。然而，对于动物适应性地与环境相互作用，需要冲击脊髓回路的下行控制系统。这些下行控制系统来自运动皮层、脑干和小脑，通常在运动行为的视觉协调中起作用。产生下行运动指令的机制才刚刚开始被阐明。一个更困难的问题是理解这些运动信号如何产生适应行为。由神经系统控制的肢体运动的精确参数尚未得到很好的理解。本文就小脑红核脊髓系统功能的研究现状作一综述。这些神经元回路由红核、小脑和脑干核团组成，可作为研究适应性运动控制机制的模型系统。哺乳动物红核由位于尾部的大细胞区和位于喙部的小细胞区组成（247）。这两个部门有完全不同的输入和输出连接。大细胞分裂主要接受来自小脑间位核的传入，而小细胞分裂主要接受来自大脑皮层的传入（166，167）。的
The spinal cord contains the neuronal circuitry required to produce voluntary limb movements. The cord also contains neuronal ensembles called central pattern-generating circuits that produce some stereotypic motor patterns such as locomotion. However, for an animal to interact adaptively with the environment, descending control systems impinging onto the spinal circuitry are required. These descending control systems arise from the motor cortex, brain stem, and cerebellum and function generally in the visuomotor coordination of motor behaviors. The mechanisms underlying the generation of descending motor commands are just beginning to be elucidated. A more difficult problem is understanding how these motor signals produce adaptive behavior. The precise parameters of limb movement that are controlled by the nervous system are not yet well understood. In this review, we discuss current research on the function of the cerebellorubrospinal system. These neuronal circuits, made up of the red nucleus, cerebellum, and brain stem nuclei, serve as a model system in which to study mechanisms of adaptive motor control.The mammalian red nucleus is composed of a caudally located magnocellular division and a more rostrally located parvicellular division (247). The two divisions have completely different input and output connections. The magnocellular division receives afferents mainly from the interpositus nucleus of the cerebellum, whereas the parvicellular division receives input predominantly from the cerebral cortex (166, 167). The