The influence of altruism on influenza vaccination decisions
The influence of altruism on influenza vaccination decisions
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DOI：
10.1098/rsif.2012.0115
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发表时间：
2012-09-07
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Galvani, Alison P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shim, Eunha;Chapman, Gretchen B.;Galvani, Alison P.
博弈论是基于这样的假设，即个人根据自身利益行事，并做出最大化个人收益的决策。为了验证这一基本假设，我们在流感疫苗接种决策的背景下进行了一项调查研究。与自利假设相反，我们发现利他主义在疫苗接种决策中起着重要作用。然而，利他主义动机尚未被考虑在流行病学模型中，在疫苗接种决策的预测或在疫苗接种政策的设计。为了确定利他主义对遵守最佳疫苗接种政策和由此产生的疾病负担的影响，我们将利他主义纳入流感疫苗接种的博弈论流行病学模型。我们发现，利他主义显着转移疫苗接种决策远离个人的自我利益，对社区最佳，大大降低了总成本，发病率和死亡率的社区。因此，促进利他主义可能是改善公共卫生结果的潜在战略。
Game theory is based on the assumption that individuals act according to self-interest and make decisions that maximize their personal payoffs. To test this fundamental assumption, we conducted a survey study in the context of influenza vaccination decisions. Contrary to the assumption of self-interest, we found that altruism plays an important role in vaccination decisions. Nevertheless, altruistic motivation has not yet been considered in epidemiological models, in predictions of vaccination decisions or in the design of vaccination policies. To determine the impact of altruism on the adherence to optimal vaccination policies and on resulting disease burden, we incorporated altruism into a game-theoretic epidemiological model of influenza vaccination. We found that altruism significantly shifted vaccination decisions away from individual self-interest and towards the community optimum, greatly reducing the total cost, morbidity and mortality for the community. Therefore, promoting altruism could be a potential strategy to improve public health outcomes.