Knowledge, attitudes and practices of malaria in Colombia
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of malaria in Colombia
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2875-13-165
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Herrera, Socrates
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Forero, David A.;Chaparro, Pablo E.;Herrera, Socrates
背景：虽然哥伦比亚疟疾传播大幅减少，但该疾病仍然是一个公共卫生问题，估计目前有 1000 万人生活在有疟疾风险的地区，2012 年报告的病例数约为 61,000 例。本研究旨在确定和比较哥伦比亚三个流行社区有关疟疾的知识、态度和做法 (KAP) 水平，为制定消除疟疾的新干预策略提供知识框架。方法：在哥伦比亚进行了横断面 KAP 调查。蒂拉尔塔、布埃纳文图拉和图马科市，根据年度寄生虫指数 (API) 根据高风险 (HR) 和中度风险 (MR) 进行分类。调查使用 REDCap 进行管理，并使用 MATLAB 和 GraphPad Prism 进行分析。结果：共有 267 名居民接受了调查，其中大部分是女性 (74%)。尽管 HR 和 MR 地区之间对经典疟疾症状的了解没有差异，但在传播机制、抗疟疾使用和疟疾诊断的知识和态度方面存在显着差异。这两个地区的大多数响应者（MR 地区为 93.5%，HR 地区为 94.3%）表示使用经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐 (ITN) 来保护自己免受疟疾的侵害，HR 地区 75.5% 的响应者表示他们没有采取任何措施来防止疟疾在户外传播。尽管研究地区的知识水平很高，但实践方面仍然存在巨大差距。自我药疗和治疗依从性差以及缺乏室内和室外病媒控制措施与较高的疟疾风险显着相关。结论：尽管卫生部目前正在做出巨大努力，将社区教育作为控制战略的主要组成部分之一，但鉴于哥伦比亚的地理、种族和文化多样性，这些通用教育计划可能并不适用于哥伦比亚所有流行地区。
Background: Although Colombia has witnessed an important decrease in malaria transmission, the disease remains a public health problem with an estimated similar to 10 million people currently living in areas with malaria risk and similar to 61,000 cases reported in 2012. This study aimed to determine and compare the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) about malaria in three endemic communities of Colombia to provide the knowledge framework for development of new intervention strategies for malaria elimination.Methods: A cross-sectional KAP survey was conducted in the municipalities of Tierralta, Buenaventura and Tumaco, categorized according to high risk (HR) and moderate risk (MR) based on the annual parasite index (API). Surveys were managed using REDCap and analysed using MATLAB and GraphPad Prism.Results: A total of 267 residents, mostly women (74%) were surveyed. Although no differences were observed on the knowledge of classical malaria symptoms between HR and MR regions, significant differences were found in knowledge and attitudes about transmission mechanisms, anti-malarial use and malaria diagnosis. Most responders in both regions (93.5% in MR, and 94.3% in HR areas) indicated use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) to protect themselves from malaria, and 75.5% of responders in HR indicated they did nothing to prevent malaria transmission outdoors. Despite a high level of knowledge in the study regions, significant gaps persisted relating to practices. Self-medication and poor adherence to treatment, as well as lack of both indoor and outdoor vector control measures, were significantly associated with higher malaria risk.Conclusions: Although significant efforts are currently being made by the Ministry of Health to use community education as one of the main components of the control strategy, these generic education programmes may not be applicable to all endemic regions of Colombia given the substantial geographic, ethnic and cultural diversity.