Snake venomics: From the inventory of toxins to biology
Snake venomics: From the inventory of toxins to biology
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DOI：
10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.03.020
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Calvete, Juan J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calvete, Juan J.
对毒液的组成和管理毒液系统演变的原则的深入了解非常重要，这是探索毒液作为化学和药理新颖性来源的巨大潜力，同时也可以抵抗蛇咬味的可怕后果。现在，这个目标已在“ OMIC”技术的范围内。本文中开发的一个中央论文是，理解通过“ OMIC”方法收集的大量数据清单需要在整个生物系统中整合此信息。这样做的关键是鉴定进化和生态趋势。没有进化链接，系统有毒物质被降级为一组杂项事实。机会和适应之间的相互作用在生物系统的发展中起着核心作用（Monod，1970）。但是，毒种及其毒液的进化并不总是遵循相同的过程，并且毒液之间结构和功能性融合和差异的鉴定通常无法通过系统发育假说无法预测。从系统发育较远的蛇毒液中共有结构褶皱的毒素通常具有抗原决定因素。可以通过优化现有的抗蛇毒物以及设计新型的宽远程多特异性抗蛇毒物的设计来部分缓解世界某些地区的抗蛇毒供应不足。蛋白质组学引导的同源和异源毒液之间进化和免疫反应性趋势的鉴定可能有助于替换传统的地理和系统发育驱动的假设，从而通过基于假设驱动的系统毒液方法来替代抗蛇毒式生产策略。毒液和抗毒素学用于探索化学空间和毒液的免疫学特征的某些应用将说明作者对这些蛋白质组学工具在毒素学领域可能具有的影响的看法。 （c）2013 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。
A deep understanding of the composition of venoms and of the principles governing the evolution of venomous systems is of applied importance for exploring the enormous potential of venoms as sources of chemical and pharmacological novelty but also to fight the dire consequences of snakebite envenomings. This goal is now within the reach of "omic" technologies. A central thesis developed in this essay is the view that making sense of the huge inventory of data gathered through "omic" approaches requires the integration of this information across the biological system. Key to this is the identification of evolutionary and ecological trends; without the evolutionary link, systems venomics is relegated to a set of miscellaneous facts. The interplay between chance and adaptation plays a central role in the evolution of biological systems (Monod, 1970). However, the evolution of venomous species and their venoms do not always follow the same course, and the identification of structural and functional convergences and divergences among venoms is often unpredictable by a phylogenetic hypothesis. Toxins sharing a structural fold present in venoms from phylogenetically distant snakes often share antigenic determinants. The deficit of antivenom supply in certain regions of the world can be mitigated in part through the optimized use of existing antivenoms, and through the design of novel broad-range polyspecific antivenoms. Proteomics-guided identification of evolutionary and immunoreactivity trends among homologous and heterologous venoms may aid in the replacement of the traditional geographic- and phylogenetic-driven hypotheses for antivenom production strategies by a more rationale approach based on a hypothesis-driven systems venomics approach. Selected applications of venomics and antivenomics for exploring the chemical space and immunological profile of venoms will illustrate the author's views on the impact these proteomics tools may have in the field of toxinology. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.