General Population Knowledge about Extreme Heat: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Lisbon and Madrid
General Population Knowledge about Extreme Heat: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Lisbon and Madrid
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph14020122
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Guha-Sapir, Debarati
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cuesta, Julita Gil;van Loenhout, Joris Adriaan Frank;Guha-Sapir, Debarati
极端高温与死亡率和发病率的增加有关。已经实施了国家供暖计划，以尽量减少极端高温的影响。民众对国家高温计划和极端高温的认识和了解对于改善社区的行为和适应至关重要。在里斯本和马德里进行了一次人口普查，以评估这方面的知识。我们用调查表访问过路人。结果之间进行了比较里斯本和马德里和当地人和外国人之间，使用皮尔逊卡方检验和Fisher精确检验。我们在每个城市不同社会经济背景的六个地点进行了260次采访。最常提及的极端高温相关风险群体是老年人（79.2%）、儿童（49.6%）和婴儿（21.5%）。最常报告的保护措施是增加液体摄入量（73.1%）和避免暴露在阳光下（50.8%）。里斯本（37.2%）的供暖计划知识高于马德里（25.2%）（p值= 0.03）。与当地人相比，外国人对风险群体的了解较少。供暖计划在马德里和里斯本并不广为人知。尽管如此，我们还是发现了应对极端高温的实际概念的知识，例如某些风险群体和保护措施。我们的结果与可比调查相似，其中特定受访者的群体被确定为知识较少。这突出表明，在传播关于高温的公共卫生信息时，必须针对这些群体。应特别针对外国人提高他们的认识。
Extreme heat is associated with an increased mortality and morbidity. National heat plans have been implemented to minimize the effect of extreme heat. The population's awareness and knowledge of national heat plans and extreme heat is essential to improve the community's behavior and adaptation. A general population survey was conducted in Lisbon and in Madrid to assess this knowledge. We used a questionnaire to interview passers-by. Results were compared between Lisbon and Madrid and between locals and foreigners, using Pearson Chi-square tests and Fisher's exact test. We conducted 260 interviews in six locations of different socio-economic backgrounds in each city. The most frequently mentioned extreme heat-related risk groups were the elderly (79.2%), children (49.6%) and babies (21.5%). The most frequently reported protective measures were increased fluid intake (73.1%) and avoiding exposure to the sun (50.8%). Knowledge about the heat plan was higher in Lisbon (37.2%) than in Madrid (25.2%) (p-value = 0.03). Foreigners had less knowledge of risk groups compared to locals. Heat plans were not widely known in Madrid and Lisbon. Nonetheless, knowledge of practical concepts to face extreme heat, such as certain risk groups and protective measures, was found. Our results were similar to comparable surveys where specific respondents' groups were identified as less knowledgeable. This highlighted the importance of addressing these groups when communicating public health messages on heat. Foreigners should be specifically targeted to increase their awareness.