Can vision motivate planning action?-猫眼课题宝

愿景能否激发规划行动？

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2006

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作者：

R. Shipley;J. Michela

简介当今的许多规划练习都是从愿景开始的，或者在某个阶段表达愿景。有些司法管辖区实际上要求在计划中包含愿景声明。没有确切的商定定义，但通常愿景描述了期望的未来，可以采用简单的形式，也可以需要整个复杂的文件来描述。然而，很少有对计划进行批判性研究或后续评估来确定愿景的有效性并从实践或理论角度检验愿景。愿景真的能发挥激励作用吗？在这里，我们预览了可能是首次进行受控实验的结果，旨在了解愿景是否以及如何在规划中产生预期效果。这些实验的重点是如何传达愿景和如何采取行动，并借鉴了组织心理学的许多理论和方法。许多组织和政府各级的官方计划都要求表达愿景。在一些规划管辖区，例如在英国，愿景声明可能是一项法定要求（Roberts，1996；Peel & Lloyd，2005）。很少有规划者没有听说过这些词，但是愿景和愿景这两个术语的真正含义是什么，它们起源于哪里，它们是否真的帮助我们实现规划目标，如果是的话，它们是如何工作的？在这里，我们首先简要描述愿景何时以及如何进入规划实践，以及它的根源是什么。接下来，我们将解释规划者在进行愿景和创造愿景时似乎在做什么，并且我们将描述实践中出现的一些问题。然后，我们将提供一些理论分析，可能有助于解释愿景和愿景如何在规划中发挥激励作用。为了更好地理解愿景实践的根源和分析方法，我们将关注社会和组织心理学领域。最后，我们将概述在规划环境中进行愿景受控实验的首次尝试的结果。这些实验的重点是演示者如何传达愿景以及接收沟通的社区成员如何参与其中。这项工作表明，视觉中呈现的看似微小的变化可能会产生明显的影响

IntroductionMany planning exercises today begin with visioning or they express a vision atsome stage. There are jurisdictions that actually require a vision statement in plans.There are no exact agreed-upon deﬁnitions, but generally a vision describes adesired future and can take a simple form or can require an entire, complexdocument to describe. However, there has been very little critical study or follow-up evaluation of plans to establish the efﬁcacy of visions and to examine visioningfrom either a practice or theoretical perspective. Do visions actually exert amotivating inﬂuence? Here we preview the results from what may be among theﬁrst attempts to conduct controlled experimentation aimed at understandingwhether and how visions have their intended effects in planning. The experimentsfocused on how visions are communicated and acted upon and draw on a numberof theories and approaches from organizational psychology.Ofﬁcial plans at all levels of many organizations and governments call for theexpression of a vision. In some planning jurisdictions, for example in the UK,vision statements can be a statutory requirement (Roberts, 1996; Peel & Lloyd,2005). Very few planners have not heard of these words, but what do the termsvision and visioning really mean, where did they originate, do they actually helpus reach planning goals, and if so, how do they work?Here we set out ﬁrst to describe brieﬂy when and how visioning came intoplanning practice and what are its roots. Next we will explain what plannersseem to be doing when they undertake visioning and create visions and we willdescribe some of the problems that appear to be occurring in practice. We willthen provide some theoretical analysis that might help explain how vision andvisioning function as motivating stimuli in planning. For a better understandingof the roots of visioning practice, and for analytical approaches, we will look tothe ﬁelds of social and organizational psychology. Finally we will outline theresults from what may be among the ﬁrst attempts to conduct controlledexperimentation on visioning in the planning milieu. The experiments focusedon how visions are communicated by presenters and engaged by members ofthe community receiving the communication. This work shows that seeminglyminor variations in what is presented in a vision can have a demonstrable

Can vision motivate planning action?

愿景能否激发规划行动？

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