Preventing injuries in older people by preventing falls: A meta-analysis of individual-level data
Preventing injuries in older people by preventing falls: A meta-analysis of individual-level data
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50218.x
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Devlin, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Robertson, MC;Campbell, AJ;Devlin, N
提示：我们的福尔斯预防研究小组已经进行了四次家庭锻炼计划的对照试验，以防止老年人福尔斯跌倒。对这些试验进行荟萃分析的目的是评估运动计划对福尔斯和跌倒相关损伤的总体影响，并确定从该计划中获益最多的亚组。设计：我们汇总了四项试验的个人水平数据，以调查该计划对80岁及以上人群、既往跌倒者以及男性和女性的影响。九个城市和城镇在新西兰。参与者：1016个社区居住的妇女和男子，年龄在65至97.INTERVENTION：一个程序的肌肉加强和平衡再训练练习，专门设计，以防止福尔斯和个人规定和交付在家里由受过训练的卫生professionals.MEASUREMENTS：主要结果是数量的福尔斯和数量的伤害造成的福尔斯在试验期间。研究结果：该计划的总体效果是将福尔斯的跌倒次数和跌倒相关损伤次数减少35%（发生率比（IRR）= 0.65，95%置信区间（CI）= 0.57-0.75; IRR = 0.65，95% CI = 0.53-0.81）。在伤害预防方面，80岁及以上的参与者从该计划中受益明显多于65至79岁的参与者。该计划在降低既往跌倒和未跌倒者的跌倒率方面同样有效，但报告前一年跌倒的参与者的跌倒率更高（IRR = 2.34，95% CI = 1.64-3.34）。该计划是同样有效的男性和women.CONCLUSION：这项运动计划是最有效的减少跌倒相关的伤害，在那些年龄在80岁及以上，并导致在一个更高的绝对减少伤害性福尔斯时，提供给那些有历史的前一个秋天。
OBJECTIVES: Our falls prevention research group has conducted four controlled trials of a home exercise program to prevent falls in older people. The objectives of this meta-analysis of these trials were to estimate the overall effect of the exercise program on the numbers of falls and fall-related injuries and to identify subgroups that would benefit most from the program.DESIGN: We pooled individual-level data from the four trials to investigate the effect of the program in those aged 80 and older, in those with a previous fall, and in men and women.SETTING: Nine cities and towns in New Zealand.PARTICIPANTS: One thousand sixteen community dwelling women and men aged 65 to 97.INTERVENTION: A program of muscle strengthening and balance retraining exercises designed specifically to prevent falls and individually prescribed and delivered at home by trained health professionals.MEASUREMENTS: Main outcomes were number of falls and number of injuries resulting from falls during the trials. RESULTS: The overall effect of the program was to reduce the number of falls and the number of fall-related Injuries by 35% (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.57-0.75; and, respectively IRR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.53-0.81.) In injury prevention, participants aged 80 and older benefited significantly more from the program than those aged 65 to 79. The program was equally effective in reducing fall rates in those with and without a previous fall, but participants reporting a fall in the previous year had a higher fall rate (IRR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.64-3.34). The program was equally effective in men and women.CONCLUSION: This exercise program was most effective in reducing fall-related injuries in those aged 80 and older and resulted in a higher absolute reduction in injurious falls when offered to those with a history of a previous fall.