Children’s understanding of unintended irony and unsuccessful irony
Children’s understanding of unintended irony and unsuccessful irony
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儿童对无意识讽刺和不成功讽刺的理解
DOI：
10.1080/17405629.2020.1783528
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Ban Yoshimi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hayashi Hajimu;Ban Yoshimi
本研究考察了当说话人的意图和听话人对意图的理解存在差异时，儿童对反语的理解。三个讽刺的背景下，87 7 7/8岁的儿童（二年级），90 11/12岁的儿童（六年级），和103名成年人。在正常的反语语境中，说话人意图传达反语，听话人感觉自己受到了说话人的批评。在非故意反讽语境中，说话人意图表达赞扬，但听话人却感觉自己受到了说话人的批评。在不成功的反语语境中，说话人意图传达反语，但听话人却感觉自己受到了说话人的赞扬。结果表明，11/12岁的儿童和成年人理解所有三种类型的讽刺，并适当地判断是否说话者的意图是讽刺，是否听话者认为他/她正在批评的发言者。然而，7/8岁的孩子并不理解语境的差异，在所有类型的讽刺中，他们一致认为说话者打算赞扬听者，而听者认为他/她正在受到赞扬。此外，性能一般与通过二阶错误信念任务，特别是与无意和不成功的讽刺。
This study examined children’s understanding of irony when a difference existed between a speaker’s intended meaning and a listener’s interpretation of the meaning. Three irony contexts were presented to 87 7/8-year-olds (second graders), 90 11/12-year-olds (sixth graders), and 103 adults. In the normal irony context, the speaker intended to convey irony, and the listener felt that he/she was being criticized by the speaker. In the unintended irony context, the speaker intended to convey praise, but the listener felt that he/she was being criticized by the speaker. In the unsuccessful irony context, the speaker intended to convey irony, but the listener felt that he/she was being praised by the speaker. The results showed that 11/12-year-olds and adults understood all three types of irony and appropriately judged whether or not the speaker’s intention was ironic and whether or not the listener thought that he/she was being criticized by the speaker. However, 7/8-year-olds did not understand the context differences, and across all types of irony they consistently judged that the speaker intended to praise the listener and that the listener thought that he/she was being praised. Furthermore, performance was generally correlated with passing second-order false belief tasks, especially with unintended and unsuccessful irony.