Should energy labels for washing machines be expanded to include a durability rating
Should energy labels for washing machines be expanded to include a durability rating
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洗衣机的能源标签是否应该扩大以包含耐用等级
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Mariale Moreno
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Braithwaite;D. Densley;Mariale Moreno
洗衣机是一种重要的家用电器，可以在大多数英国家庭中找到。英国每年销售超过250万件，是英国家庭产品对材料和生产影响最大的产品之一（WRAP，2011年）。能效等级是消费者做出明智购买决定的一种方法，并由欧盟立法引入，以减少能源使用并使用户能够降低运行成本，因为众所周知，洗衣机在使用过程中对环境的影响更大。从2014年起，所有销售的洗衣机必须至少达到A级，并将评级提高到A+。然而，在目前的标签制度下，机器的具体影响和耐用性被忽视。通过对消费者、制造商和分销商的半结构化访谈，本文探讨了对寿命的不同看法以及对性能和耐用性的期望。该文件探讨了能源标签是否应该扩大到包括耐用性信息，因为这可以使消费者不仅根据成本和能源效率，而且还根据预期寿命做出决定。现有制造商的保证可能会给出产品预期耐用性的指示，并对此进行调查，以探索是否存在正相关性。研究结果将进一步讨论提供耐久性信息的潜在影响，以及如何使制造商和消费者转向低材料和能源的未来。
Washing machines are a key household appliance that can be found in the majority of UK homes. Over 2.5 million are sold in the UK every year and account for one of the highest material and production impacts of householder products in the UK (WRAP, 2011). Energy efficiency ratings are provided as a method for consumers to make an informed purchasing decision and were brought in by EU legislation to reduce energy use and enable users to reduce running costs, as it is known that the greater environmental impact of a washing machine is during use. From 2014, all washing machines sold must be at a minimum A rated, with ratings increasing to A+++. However, under this current labelling system the embodied impacts and durability of the machines are ignored. Through semi-structured interviews with consumers, manufacturers and distributors, this paper explores different perceptions of longevity and expectations of performance and durability. The paper explores whether energy labels should be expanded to include durability information, as this could enable consumers to make a decision based not only on cost and energy efficiency but also on expected lifespan. Existing manufacturer’s guarantees may give an indication of the expected durability of the product and this is investigated to explore if there is a positive correlation. The findings will further discuss the potential impacts of providing durability information and how this could enable manufacturers and consumers to shift towards a low material and energy future.