Social Acceptability of Cisgenic Plants: Public Perception, Consumer Preferences, and Legal Regulation
Social Acceptability of Cisgenic Plants: Public Perception, Consumer Preferences, and Legal Regulation
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同基因植物的社会可接受性：公众认知、消费者偏好和法律监管
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-031-10721-4_3
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Thorben Sprink
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Christian Daye;Armin Spok;Andrew C. Allan;Tomiko Yamaguchi;Thorben Sprink
引入“顺基因”一词的部分理由是，由于基因修饰的“更自然”的特性，顺基因植物将比转基因植物更容易被社会接受。本章评估这种期望是否合理。因此，它涉及三个领域的社会可接受性：公众的看法，消费者的喜好，和法律的监管。讨论和比较最近的研究，从四个地理区域在全球范围内-欧洲，北美，日本，澳大利亚和新西兰-本章表明，预期是合理的，和顺基因植物被视为比其他形式的基因改造更容易接受。然而，在社会可接受性的三个领域之间存在着相当大的差异。在澳大利亚、加拿大和美利坚合众国，对顺基因植物的法律的规定比欧洲、日本和新西兰的限制要少。此外，这些国家的公众看法也各不相同，被认为对公众舆论和消费者决定最有影响力的因素也是如此。虽然北美人似乎对产品的个人利益（提高质量，健康方面）最感兴趣，但欧洲人更有可能接受顺基因植物及其衍生产品，如果它们具有证明的环境效益。相比之下，在新西兰，顺基因植物对其他或多或少相关的市场，如肉类出口和旅游业的潜在影响，是激烈辩论。最后，我们对科学与政策之间可能的新安排发表一些意见，这种安排可能会随着新的或统一的国际监管制度而出现。
Part of the rationale behind the introduction of the term cisgenesis was the expectation that due to the “more natural” character of the genetic modification, cisgenic plants would be socially more acceptable than transgenic ones. This chapter assesses whether this expectation was justified. It thereby addresses three arenas of social acceptability: public perception, consumer preferences, and legal regulation. Discussing and comparing recent studies from four geographical areas across the globe—Europe, North America, Japan, and Australia and New Zealand—the chapter shows that the expectation was justified, and that cisgenic plants are treated as being more acceptable than other forms of genetic modification. Yet, there are considerable differences across the three arenas of social acceptability. In Australia, Canada, and the United States of America, the legal regulation of cisgenic plants is less restrictive than in Europe, Japan, and New Zealand. Also, the public perceptions are rather diverse across these countries, as are the factors that are deemed most influential in informing public opinion and consumer decisions. While people in North America appear to be most interested in individual benefits of the products (improved quality, health aspects), Europeans are more likely to accept cisgenic plants and derived products if they have a proven environmental benefit. In New Zealand, in contrast, the potential impact of cisgenic plants on other, more or less related markets, like meat export and tourism, is heavily debated. We conclude with some remarks about a possible new arrangement between science and policy that may come about with a new, or homogenized, international regulatory regime.