The tale of two flaviviruses: subversion of host pathways by RNA shapes in dengue and hepatitis C viral RNA genomes.

The tale of two flaviviruses: subversion of host pathways by RNA shapes in dengue and hepatitis C viral RNA genomes.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.mib.2020.08.007
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发表时间:
2021-03
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Sarnow P
Sarnow P
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shivaprasad S;Sarnow P

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致病性RNA病毒由于其快速的进化速度而不断出现。黄病毒科家族包含有包膜的单链正义RNA病毒,其包括蚊媒病毒,如登革热病毒和血液传播的丙型肝炎病毒。在感染后,基因组病毒RNA需要首先与大量宿主mRNA竞争合成病毒蛋白的宿主核糖体。然后,正义模板需要被扩增并包装成新组装的病毒体。为了完成这些任务,病毒颠覆了宿主的几个生化机制。病毒RNA中特定结构的参与介导了特定的RNA-RNA和RNA-蛋白质相互作用,这些相互作用决定了许多病毒颠覆策略。在这篇综述中,我们将集中在登革病毒和丙型肝炎病毒非翻译区的RNA元件的各种机制,帮助病毒的感染周期,并有助于病毒的健身。
Pathogenic RNA viruses continue to emerge owing to their rapid evolutionary rates. The family of the Flaviviridae contains enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses that include mosquito borne viruses such as dengue virus and the blood-borne hepatitis C virus. Upon infection, the genomic viral RNA needs to first compete with a sea of host mRNAs for host ribosomes that synthesize the viral proteins. Then, the positive-sense template needs to be amplified and packaged into newly assembled virions. To accomplish these tasks, the virus subverts several biochemical machineries from the host. The participation of specific structures in the viral RNA mediate specific RNA-RNA and RNA-protein interactions that dictate many viral subversion strategies. In this review, we shall focus on the various mechanisms by which RNA elements in the dengue virus and hepatitis C virus untranslated regions aid the viral infectious cycle and contribute to viral fitness.
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