Ploidy reduction and genome segregation in cultured carrot cell lines. I. Prophase chromosome reduction
Ploidy reduction and genome segregation in cultured carrot cell lines. I. Prophase chromosome reduction
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培养的胡萝卜细胞系中的倍性减少和基因组分离。
DOI：
10.1007/bf00034303
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Martini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. N. Ronchi;L. Giorgetti;M. Tonelli;G. Martini
对培养的不同胡萝卜细胞系的细胞学分析表明，各种细胞遗传学异常产生了新的倍性水平和新的染色体数量。多倍体可以被认为是变异性的储存库，可以以不同倍性的不同新分离物的形式释放。有丝分裂以外的其他机制(减数分裂、前期染色体减少)从多倍体状态(可能通过内源多倍体、内有丝分裂、核融合或恢复核达到)来产生新的倍性水平和新的染色体数目，这是体外操作所需的选择。分离现象需要单倍体互补的染色体识别和有丝分裂的异常行为；由此产生的染色体变异表明染色体在静止核中以有序和可预测的方式排列。了解控制这些机制的分子事件，以及如何控制它们，将对未来植物细胞培养的应用有很大帮助。
Cytological analysis of different carrot cell lines in culture has shown various cytogenetic anomalies generating new levels of ploidy and novel chromosome numbers. Polyploidy may be considered a reservoir of variability that can be released in the form of distinct new segregants of different ploidy. Mechanisms alternative to mitosis (reductional grouping, prophase chromosome reduction) operate from a polyploid state (possibly reached by means of endopolyploidy, endomitosis, nuclear fusion, or restitution nuclei) to generate new levels of ploidy and novel chromosome numbers necessary for selection to operatein vitro. The segregational phenomena require chromosome recognition in haploid set complements and abnormal behaviour of mitoses; the resulting chromosome variability suggests that chromosomes are arranged, in the resting nuclei, in an orderly and predictable manner.The knowledge of the molecular events governing these mechanisms, and how to control them, would be of great help for future applications of plant cell culture.