Non-canonical Wnt signals regulate cytoskeletal remodeling in osteoclasts.

Non-canonical Wnt signals regulate cytoskeletal remodeling in osteoclasts.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00018-018-2881-1
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发表时间:
2018-10
期刊:
Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kobayashi Y
Kobayashi Y
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Uehara S;Udagawa N;Kobayashi Y

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破骨细胞是负责骨吸收的多核细胞。破骨细胞通过整合素附着在骨表面,并极化形成肌动蛋白环,肌动蛋白环是由足小体组装形成的。肌动蛋白环内的区域(也称为封闭区)具有酸性pH值,这导致包括羟基磷灰石在内的骨矿物质溶解,以及蛋白酶组织蛋白酶k对包括I型胶原在内的基质蛋白的降解。破骨细胞在骨表面移动时吸收骨基质。破骨细胞改变细胞形态,表现出三种骨吸收模式:挖沟时的运动吸收模式、挖坑时的静态吸收模式和不运动吸收模式。因此,肌动蛋白骨架在破骨细胞中被主动重塑。最近的研究表明,许多分子,如Rac, Cdc42, Rho和小GTPase调节剂和效应器,在肌动蛋白环和骨片吸收腔的形成过程中参与肌动蛋白细胞骨架重塑。在这篇综述中,我们介绍了这些分子和非规范的Wnt信号如何调节破骨细胞的骨吸收活性。
Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells responsible for bone resorption. Osteoclasts adhere to the bone surface through integrins and polarize to form actin rings, which are formed by the assembly of podosomes. The area contained within actin rings (also called sealing zones) has an acidic pH, which causes dissolution of bone minerals including hydroxyapatite and the degradation of matrix proteins including type I collagen by the protease cathepsin K. Osteoclasts resorb bone matrices while moving on bone surfaces. Osteoclasts change their cell shapes and exhibit three modes for bone resorption: motile resorbing mode for digging trenches, static resorbing mode for digging pits, and motile non-resorbing mode. Therefore, the actin cytoskeleton is actively remodeled in osteoclasts. Recent studies have revealed that many molecules, such as Rac, Cdc42, Rho, and small GTPase regulators and effectors, are involved in actin cytoskeletal remodeling during the formation of actin rings and resorption cavities on bone slices. In this review, we introduce how these molecules and non-canonical Wnt signaling regulate the bone-resorbing activity of osteoclasts.
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