Living conditions in post-tsunami houses: A case study of the moklen ethnic minority group in Tungwa village, Phang Nga province, Southern Thailand
Living conditions in post-tsunami houses: A case study of the moklen ethnic minority group in Tungwa village, Phang Nga province, Southern Thailand
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海啸后房屋的生活条件：泰国南部攀牙府通瓦村莫克伦少数民族的案例研究
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2016.07.008
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hirohide Kobayashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Attavanich;Hirohide Kobayashi
2004年的印度洋海啸对泰国南部造成了广泛的破坏。居住在该地区的少数民族海上吉普赛人Moklen也受到影响，并获得了重建的房屋。在攀牙省Tungwa村进行了实地调查，作为海啸后Moklen人住房的案例研究。海啸发生十年后，居民的生活条件出现了一些困难。研究表明，重建过程改变了房屋类型，从海啸前的单层房屋到海啸后的高跷房屋。总体而言，重建的房屋能够满足居民的基本生活需求;然而，尽管房屋的设计在底层提供了可选空间，但由于天花板高度较低和建筑质量控制不严，其中一些房屋在底层创造额外空间方面遇到困难。研究还发现，三个方面影响居住条件：村庄布局，住房空间和建筑材料。村庄里一排排房屋的布局限制了空气流通，因为它们阻挡了彼此的风流，有限的空间给牲畜带来了困难。较高的棚屋层的生活空间对一些村民，特别是老年人来说不方便，他们已经习惯了海啸前的生活环境，一些家庭只能住在地面上创造的额外空间里。此外，一些建筑材料已被白蚁和雨水损坏，住在高跷地板上很危险。
The Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 caused widespread damage to Southern Thailand. The Moklen, an ethnic minority group of Sea Gypsies living in the area, were also affected and provided with rebuilt houses. Field surveys were conducted in Tungwa village, Phang Nga Province as a case study of post-tsunami housing of the Moklen people. Ten years after the tsunami, the residents are experiencing some difficulties with living conditions. Research has revealed that the rebuilding process changed the house types from single-storey in the pre-tsunami period, to houses with high stilts post-tsunami. In general, the rebuilt houses are capable of supporting the residents' basic living requirements; however, some of them experience difficulty in creating additional space on the ground floor owing to the lower ceiling height and low quality control of construction, despite the houses being designed with optional space on the ground floor. The study also found that three aspects affect living conditions: village layout, housing space, and building materials. The village layout in rows of houses limits air ventilation as they block each other's wind flow, and limited space causes difficulties for livestock. The living space on the higher stilt level is inconvenient for some villagers, especially the elderly, who are accustomed to the pre-tsunami living environment, and some households are living only in the additional space created on the ground level. In addition, some building materials have been damaged by termites and rain, making it dangerous to live on the stilt floor.