Self-Focused Attention and Mechanisms of Change in Mindfulness-Based Treatment
Self-Focused Attention and Mechanisms of Change in Mindfulness-Based Treatment
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DOI：
10.1080/16506070902980703
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Baer, Ruth A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baer, Ruth A.
经验性文献为正念训练在治疗众多问题和障碍方面的有效性提供了越来越多的支持。然而，很少有研究研究这些有益结果是通过什么机制获得的。这篇文章总结了最近关于三个主要问题的研究，这些问题与基于正念的治疗机制有关：练习正念的人是否学会了更多地正念日常生活的经历？集中注意力的总体倾向是否与症状的减少和幸福感的增加有关？如果是这样，那么是什么心理过程解释了提高正念的有益效果呢？最近的研究表明，正念练习发展了观察和描述当下经历的能力，不加评判和非反应性，并有意识地参与正在进行的活动。反过来，更多的正念似乎会促进心理功能的改善，可能是通过培养一种适应性的自我关注形式，减少沉思和情绪回避，并改善行为自我调节。
The empirical literature provides increasing support for the efficacy of mindfulness training in the treatment of numerous problems and disorders. However, fewer studies have examined the mechanisms through which these beneficial outcomes are obtained. This article summarizes recent research examining three primary questions related to the mechanisms underlying mindfulness-based treatments: do people who practice mindfulness learn to be more mindful of the experiences of daily life? Is an increased general tendency to be mindful related to reduced symptoms and increased wellbeing? If so, then what psychological processes account for the beneficial effects of increased mindfulness? Recent studies suggest that the practice of mindfulness develops the ability to observe and describe present-moment experiences nonjudgmentally and nonreactively and to participate with awareness in ongoing activity. Increased mindfulness, in turn, appears to mediate improvement in psychological functioning, probably by cultivating an adaptive form of self-focused attention that reduces rumination and emotional avoidance and improves behavioral self-regulation.