Implications of inadequate water and sanitation infrastructure for community spread of COVID-19 in remote Alaskan communities
Implications of inadequate water and sanitation infrastructure for community spread of COVID-19 in remote Alaskan communities
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145842
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发表时间：
2021-02-14
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Aggarwal S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eichelberger L;Dev S;Howe T;Barnes DL;Bortz E;Briggs BR;Cochran P;Dotson AD;Drown DM;Hahn MB;Mattos K;Aggarwal S
新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2是COVID-19的病原体，于2019年12月在人群中出现，并在短短几个月内传播到全球。预防和缓解COVID-19传播的公共卫生重点主要集中在个人和集体行为上，如社交距离、戴口罩和卫生。重要的是要认识到，这些行为和健康结果发生在更广泛的社会和环境背景下，当地社区的因素，如区域政策，历史背景，文化信仰，自然和建筑环境特征，影响潜在的人口健康和疾病的传播。例如，COVID-19大流行使人们重新关注安全的水和卫生服务在保护人类健康方面的重要性;由于水和卫生服务不足，许多偏远的阿拉斯加社区特别容易受到传染病传播的影响。此外，阿拉斯加农村还有许多社会经济、物质和基础设施因素（例如，偏远、家庭过度拥挤、气候变化的影响、有限的医疗设施和慢性病的高患病率），这些因素导致这些以阿拉斯加原住民为主的社区可能出现更严重的COVID-19疾病结果。
The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, emerged in the human population in December 2019 and spread worldwide within a few short months. Much of the public health focus for preventing and mitigating the spread of COVID-19 has been on individual and collective behaviors, such as social distancing, mask-wearing, and hygiene. It is important to recognize that these behaviors and health outcomes occur within broader social and environmental contexts, and factors within local communities such as regional policy, historical context, cultural beliefs, and natural- and built environmental characteristics affect underlying population health and the spread of disease. For example, the COVID-19 pandemic has renewed attention to the importance of secure water and sanitation services in protecting human health; many remote Alaskan communities are particularly vulnerable to infectious disease transmission because of inadequate water and sanitation services. In addition, there are a number of socio-economic, physical, and infrastructure factors in rural Alaska (e.g., remoteness, household overcrowding, climate change impacts, limited medical facilities, and high prevalence of chronic diseases) that contribute to the potential for more severe COVID-19 disease outcomes in these predominantly Alaska Native communities.
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