Adults’ theory of infants’ mind: A comparison between parents and nonparents
Adults’ theory of infants’ mind: A comparison between parents and nonparents
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成人的婴儿心理理论：父母与非父母之间的比较
DOI：
10.1155/2017/8724562
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Moriguchi Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shinohara I;Moriguchi Y
本研究探讨了父母对婴儿行为的解释是否存在与某些心理状态相关的差异。父母、非父母女性和非父母男性观看了显示几种婴儿行为的视频剪辑（例如，和他/她的母亲一起玩）。然后他们被分配了两项任务。在一项评级任务中，参与者被要求对拍摄的婴儿有精神状态的可能性进行评级。另一方面，在描述任务中，参与者被要求以开放的方式明确描述拍摄的婴儿的精神状态。重要的是，所有参与者都被要求从同一组婴儿的行为中报告婴儿行为的含义（例如，婴儿看到母亲的脸，笑了。结果发现，父母和非父母的妇女显着更高的评价，婴儿可能表达的心理状态，在评级任务比非父母的男性。另一方面，在描述任务中，父母比非父母的女性和非父母的男性更倾向于描述拍摄的婴儿的心理状态。结果表明，父母解释更多的意义，从婴儿的行为相比，非父母，即使父母和非父母同样关注婴儿的行为。
This study examined whether there were parental state differences in interpretations of infants’ behaviours as associated with some mental states. Parents, nonparent women, and nonparent men were shown video clips that displayed several infant behaviours (e.g., playing with his/her mother). Then they were given two tasks. In a rating task, participants were asked to rate the likelihood of the filmed infant to have a mental state. On the other hand, in a description task, participants were instructed to explicitly describe the filmed infants’ mental state in an open‐ended manner. Importantly, all participants were asked to report the meaning of infants’ behaviour in specific acts from the same set of infants’ behaviours (e.g., the infants saw mother’s face and smiled). The results revealed that parents and nonparent women significantly higher rated that infants were likely to express a mental state in the rating task than nonparent men did. On the other hand, parents were more likely to describe the filmed infants’ mental states in the description task than nonparent women and nonparent men did. Results suggest that parents interpret more meanings from infants’ behaviours compared to nonparents, even when both parents and nonparents equally focused on infants’ behaviours.