Preparing for the next influenza pandemic.
Preparing for the next influenza pandemic.
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DOI：
10.1097/inf.0b013e3181684d41
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发表时间：
2008-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McCullers JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McCullers JA
流感病毒引起大流行有三个条件。它必须是新的抗原，引起严重的疾病，并容易在人与人之间传播。目前在亚洲、非洲和欧洲鸟类中流行的H5 N1亚型高致病性禽流感病毒符合其中两项标准，人们非常担心这些病毒将成为下一次大流行的原因。国际社会正在努力为可能发生的大流行做准备。大流行规划的优先事项包括监测野生鸟类种群和禽-人界面的流感病毒，研究影响这些毒株致病性的因素，储存有效的抗病毒药物作为权宜之计，直到开发和分发适当的疫苗，并更好地了解非药物干预措施的效用，以减缓或预防这些病毒在人类中的传播。虽然近年来在使世界为这一事件做好准备方面取得了相当大的进展，但仍有更多的工作要做。医生和医院可以开始通过教育自己的问题，并制定一个流行病计划，为自己的做法或组织。
There are three requirements for an influenza virus to cause a pandemic. It must be antigenically novel, cause severe disease, and transmit easily from human to human. Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype currently circulating in bird populations in Asia, Africa, and Europe have met 2 of these criteria, and there is significant concern that these viruses will be the cause of the next pandemic. International efforts to prepare for a possible pandemic are underway. Priorities for pandemic planning include surveillance of influenza viruses in wild bird populations and at the avian-human interface, research into factors affecting the pathogenicity of these strains, stockpiling effective antivirals for use as a stopgap until an appropriate vaccine can be developed and distributed, and gaining an improved understanding of the utility of nonpharmaceutical interventions to slow or prevent the spread of these viruses within humans. While considerable progress has been made in recent years towards readying the world for such an event, there is more work to be done. Physicians and hospitals can begin by educating themselves on the problem and developing a pandemic plan for their own practice or organization.