Cryptic alkaline magmatism in the oceanic Caribbean arc (Camagüey area, Cuba)

Cryptic alkaline magmatism in the oceanic Caribbean arc (Camagüey area, Cuba)
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加勒比海弧区的隐秘碱性岩浆作用(古巴卡马圭地区)

DOI:
10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105736
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Garcia-Casco
Garcia-Casco
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Torró;Cambeses;Rojas-Agramonte;Butjosa;Iturralde-Vinent;Lázaro;Garcia-Casco

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古巴中东部卡马圭地区的中晚白垩世与弧形有关的玄武岩记录了一种耐人寻味的、看似随机的碱性富集物,这表明了碱性亲和力,这在大安的列斯群岛是一个奇怪的现象。本研究对卡穆次罗组、比拉瓜组和拉穆拉塔组的火山岩进行了岩石学和地球化学研究。岩石含有多种矿物组合,包括长石(斜长石和钾长石)、单斜辉石、金云母和角闪石,既有平衡结构,也有不平衡结构。单斜辉石斑岩晶体表现出明显的振荡和卷曲分带,揭示了与碱性和钙碱性玄武岩及其混合岩浆平衡的镁铁质补给和结晶事件。氟金云母包裹体的成分与镁铁质碱性流体的结晶相一致,与全岩主量元素组成不同,不动的微量元素丰度反映了系统的钙碱性亲和力。球粒陨石标准化的稀土元素(REE)配分模式类似于加勒比海安的列斯群岛的钙碱性和高K(和单键Th)钙碱性岩石。地球化学模拟表明,母基性岩浆是由俯冲洋壳和远洋沉积流体熔融的尖晶石相亏损地幔5-10%的水合部分熔融形成的,并有分离结晶作用。在所研究的样品中,碱的随机富集归因于上升过程中来自注入上地幔或岛弧根部的镁铁质碱性熔体的物质的夹带。我们的新数据建立了加勒比海岛弧演化的成熟阶段,能够获得碱性熔体,并存在增厚的岛弧地壳,这有利于分离结晶和岩浆室补充过程,不同于岛弧建造的前几个阶段。
Mid and Late Cretaceous arc-related basaltic rocks in the Camagüey area, East Central Cuba, record an intriguing seemingly random enrichment in alkalis that suggests alkaline affinity, representing an oddity in the Greater Antilles. In this study, the petrology and geochemistry of volcanic rocks from the Camujiro, Piragua and La Mulata Formations have been investigated. The rocks bear a diverse mineral assemblage including feldspars (plagioclase and potassium feldspar), clinopyroxene, phlogopite and amphibole with both equilibrium and disequilibrium textures. Clinopyroxene porphyritic crystals show conspicuous oscillatory and convolute zoning and reveal events of mafic recharge and crystallization in equilibrium with alkaline and calc-alkaline basaltic magmas and their mixtures. Composition of fluorophlogopite xenocrystals is consistent with crystallization from mafic alkaline liquids.Unlike whole-rock major element composition, immobile trace element abundances suggest a systematic calc-alkaline affinity. Chondrite-normalized rare-earth element (REE) patterns are similar to those of calc-alkaline and high-K (and single bondTh) calc-alkaline rocks from the Caribbean Antilles. Geochemical modelling indicates that the parental basic magmas formed by a 5–10% hydrous partial melting of spinel-facies depleted mantle fluxed by fluids evolved from subducted oceanic crust and pelagic sediments, as well as fractional crystallization. Random enrichment in alkalis in studied samples is attributed to the entrainment during ascent of material derived from mafic alkaline melts injected in the upper mantle or the root of the island-arc.Our new data establish a mature stage in the evolution of the Caribbean island-arc by Cenomanian times capable of sourcing alkaline melts and the existence of a thickened island arc crust that favored fractional crystallization and magma chamber recharge processes unlike in previous stages of the island-arc construction.
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