Cancer incidence and metolachlor use in the Agricultural Health Study: An update.
Cancer incidence and metolachlor use in the Agricultural Health Study: An update.
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农业健康研究中的癌症发病率和异丙甲草胺的使用：更新。
DOI：
10.1002/ijc.29621
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
BeaneFreeman,LauraE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Silver,SharonR;Bertke,StevenJ;Hines,CynthiaJ;Alavanja,MichaelCR;Hoppin,JaneA;Lubin,JayH;Rusiecki,JenniferA;Sandler,DaleP;BeaneFreeman,LauraE
异丙甲草胺是一种广泛使用的除草剂，根据雌性大鼠肝肿瘤的增加，美国环境保护署将其列为C组致癌物。关于异丙甲草胺对健康影响的流行病学研究有限。农业健康研究（AHS）是一项前瞻性队列研究，包括1993-1997年在爱荷华州和北卡罗来纳州登记的有执照的私人和商业农药施用者。我们评估了2010/2011年（NC/IA）49，616名施用者的癌症发病率，其中53%报告曾使用异丙甲草胺。我们使用泊松回归来评估异丙甲草胺使用的两个指标（生命天数，强度加权生命天数）和癌症发病率之间的关系。我们没有发现异丙甲草胺的使用与所有癌症的发病率（n= 5，701，有5年的滞后）或大多数部位特异性癌症的发病率之间存在关联。对于肝癌，在仅限于接触工人的分析中，在较高类别的使用中观察到的升高在统计学上不显著。然而，使用异丙甲草胺的寿命和强度加权寿命天数的趋势都是积极的，并且在未暴露的参考组中具有统计学显著性。在滤泡细胞淋巴瘤中观察到类似的模式，但没有其他淋巴瘤亚型。早先提出的在该队列中使用高水平异丙甲草胺会增加肺癌风险的建议在本次更新中没有得到证实。异丙甲草胺与农药施用者肝癌之间存在关联的这一建议是一项新发现，与一些动物研究中观察到的肝癌增加相呼应。然而，我们对肝癌和滤泡细胞淋巴瘤的研究结果需要进行随访，以更好地区分异丙甲草胺使用与其他因素的影响。
Metolachlor, a widely used herbicide, is classified as a Group C carcinogen by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency based on increased liver neoplasms in female rats. Epidemiologic studies of the health effects of metolachlor have been limited. The Agricultural Health Study (AHS) is a prospective cohort study including licensed private and commercial pesticide applicators in Iowa and North Carolina enrolled 1993–1997. We evaluated cancer incidence through 2010/2011 (NC/IA) for 49,616 applicators, 53% of whom reported ever using metolachlor. We used Poisson regression to evaluate relations between two metrics of metolachlor use (lifetime days, intensity‐weighted lifetime days) and cancer incidence. We saw no association between metolachlor use and incidence of all cancers combined (n= 5,701 with a 5‐year lag) or most site‐specific cancers. For liver cancer, in analyses restricted to exposed workers, elevations observed at higher categories of use were not statistically significant. However, trends for both lifetime and intensity‐weighted lifetime days of metolachor use were positive and statistically significant with an unexposed reference group. A similar pattern was observed for follicular cell lymphoma, but no other lymphoma subtypes. An earlier suggestion of increased lung cancer risk at high levels of metolachlor use in this cohort was not confirmed in this update. This suggestion of an association between metolachlor and liver cancer among pesticide applicators is a novel finding and echoes observation of increased liver neoplasms in some animal studies. However, our findings for both liver cancer and follicular cell lymphoma warrant follow‐up to better differentiate effects of metolachlor use from other factors.