Motor vehicle air pollution and asthma in children: A meta-analysis
Motor vehicle air pollution and asthma in children: A meta-analysis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2012.05.001
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Vieira, Edgar Ramos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gasana, Janvier;Dillikar, Deepa;Vieira, Edgar Ramos
背景：在美国，哮喘影响着超过1700万人，其中1/3是儿童。儿童特别容易受到空气污染的影响，因为他们的呼吸道较窄，而且他们每磅体重通常比成人呼吸更多的空气，增加了他们接触空气污染物的机会。然而，以前关于机动车排放与儿童喘息和哮喘发展之间关系的研究结果是相互矛盾的。因此，我们进行了荟萃分析，以澄清其潜在的relationship.Methods：MEDLINE，Highwire，和科克伦图书馆数据库检索相关研究。从单个研究中检索交通空气污染物与喘鸣或哮喘相关性的校正比值比（OR）及其相应的95%置信区间（CI），并在STATA 11.1中汇总生成汇总效应估计值（meta-OR）。暴露于二氧化氮（meta-OR：1.05，95% CI：1.00-1.11）、一氧化二氮（meta-OR：1.02，95% CI：1.00-1.04）和一氧化碳（meta-OR：1.06，95% CI：1.01-1.12）与儿童哮喘的高患病率呈正相关。二氧化硫暴露（荟萃OR：1.04，95%CI：1.01-1.07）与儿童喘息的高患病率呈正相关。二氧化氮暴露与儿童哮喘发病率较高呈正相关（荟萃OR：1.14，95% CI：1.06-124），颗粒物暴露与儿童喘息发生率较高呈正相关（meta-OR：1.05，95%CI：1.04-1.07）。在交通密度高的道路附近居住或上学使儿童暴露在更高水平的机动车空气污染物中，并增加儿童哮喘和喘息的发病率和患病率。(c)2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Background: Asthma affects more than 17 million people in the United States; 1/3 of these are children. Children are particularly vulnerable to airborne pollution because of their narrower airways and because they generally breathe more air per pound of body weight than adults, increasing their exposure to air pollutants. However, the results from previous studies on the association between motor vehicle emissions and the development of childhood wheeze and asthma are conflicting. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to clarify their potential relationship.Methods: MEDLINE, Highwire, and The Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant studies. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between traffic air pollutants and wheeze or asthma were retrieved from individual studies and pooled to generate summary effect estimates (meta-OR) in STATA 11.1.Results: Nineteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide (meta-OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00-1.11), nitrous oxide (meta-OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.04), and carbon monoxide (meta-OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01-1.12) were positively associated with a higher prevalence of childhood asthma. Exposure to sulfur dioxide (meta-OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.07) was positively associated with a higher prevalence of wheeze in children. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide was positively associated with a higher incidence of childhood asthma (meta-OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.06-124), and exposures to particulate matter was positively associated with a higher incidence of wheeze in children (meta-OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.04-1.07).Conclusions: Living or attending schools near high traffic density roads exposes children to higher levels of motor vehicle air pollutants, and increases the incidence and prevalence of childhood asthma and wheeze. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.