Review on iron and its importance for human health
Review on iron and its importance for human health
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发表时间：
2014-02
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通讯作者：
Nazanin Abbaspour;R. Hurrell;R. Kelishadi
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作者：
Nazanin Abbaspour;R. Hurrell;R. Kelishadi
众所周知，各种元素的缺乏或过度接触会对人体健康产生显着影响。元素的作用由多种特性决定，包括吸收、代谢以及与生理过程相互作用的程度。铁是几乎所有生物体的必需元素，因为它参与多种代谢过程，包括氧运输、脱氧核糖核酸 (DNA) 合成和电子运输。然而，由于铁可以形成自由基，因此必须严格控制其在身体组织中的浓度，因为过量时会导致组织损伤。铁代谢紊乱是人类最常见的疾病之一，涵盖具有不同临床表现的广泛疾病，从贫血到铁过载，甚至可能到神经退行性疾病。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了铁代谢和生物利用度研究的最新进展，以及我们目前对人类铁需求以及铁缺乏的后果和原因的理解。最后，我们讨论预防缺铁的策略。
It is well-known that deficiency or over exposure to various elements has noticeable effects on human health. The effect of an element is determined by several characteristics, including absorption, metabolism, and degree of interaction with physiological processes. Iron is an essential element for almost all living organisms as it participates in a wide variety of metabolic processes, including oxygen transport, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis, and electron transport. However, as iron can form free radicals, its concentration in body tissues must be tightly regulated because in excessive amounts, it can lead to tissue damage. Disorders of iron metabolism are among the most common diseases of humans and encompass a broad spectrum of diseases with diverse clinical manifestations, ranging from anemia to iron overload, and possibly to neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the latest progress in studies of iron metabolism and bioavailability, and our current understanding of human iron requirement and consequences and causes of iron deficiency. Finally, we discuss strategies for prevention of iron deficiency.