Subtropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forests of Yunnan, China: diversity, succession dynamics, human influence
Subtropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forests of Yunnan, China: diversity, succession dynamics, human influence
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DOI：
10.1007/s11707-009-0057-x
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发表时间：
2010-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cindy Q. Tang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cindy Q. Tang
本文通过对云南亚热带山地常绿阔叶林（EBLFs）的研究，结合森林和人工林的次生演替，为评价云南山地生态系统森林的可持续性提供依据。eblf包括中山湿润型、季风型和半湿润型。季风型EBLF的Shannon-Wiener H、Equitability J、Simpson D和Fisher’s alpha指数最高，中山湿润型EBLF次之，半湿润型EBLF次之。由于人类的利用范围有很大的差异，植物群落的范围从落叶阔叶林和/或针叶林先驱到演替晚的常绿阔叶林。次生演替途径是由桤木先进性落叶林伴随先进性针叶林和油杉林分，经过阔叶林和针叶林混交林，到晚演替常绿阔叶林和甜槠林。在云南，常绿阔叶林通常被生长迅速的外来桉树种植园所取代，这些桉树生产工业木材、石油、纸浆和燃料。与EBLF相比，其结果是植物多样性减少，土壤养分因侵蚀和径流而大量流失。该地区有76种植物被列为极度濒危、濒危或脆弱物种。它们的状况被认为主要是由于栖息地丧失或退化造成的。对鄂原林生态特征和演替途径的清晰认识，有助于对这些脆弱的森林和山地生态系统进行更有效的保护和管理。
This paper integrates studies on the natural subtropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forests (EBLFs) and secondary succession of the forests and plantations in Yunnan, to provide a basis for evaluating the sustainability of the forests in the mountain ecosystems of Yunnan, China. The EBLFs include mid-montane moist, monsoon, and semi-humid categories. The monsoon EBLF yielded the highest indices of the Shannon-Wiener H, Equitability J, Simpson D and Fisher’s alpha, followed by the mid-montane moist EBLF, then by the semi-humid forest. Since human uses have varied widely, the plant communities ranged from pioneer deciduous broad-leaved and/or pioneer coniferous stands to late-successional evergreen broad-leaved stands. The secondary succession pathways were from pioneer deciduous stands ofAlnusaccompanied by stands of pioneer coniferousPinusandKeteleeria, through broad-leaved and coniferous mixed stands, to late-successional evergreen broad-leaved forests ofCyclobalanopsisandCastanopsis. In Yunnan, the EBLF is commonly replaced by plantations of exotic fast-growingEucalyptusto produce industrial wood, oil, pulp and fuel. The result has been reduced plant diversity, and great loss of soil nutrients by erosion and runoff, as compared to the EBLF. Seventy-six plant species in the area have been ranked as critically endangered, endangered, or vulnerable. Their condition is seen as largely attributable to habitat loss or degradation. A clear understanding of ecological features and succession pathways of the EBLF can lead to more effective conservation and management of these fragile forests and the mountain ecosystems.