Getting to Know Someone: Familiarity, Person Recognition, and Identification in the Human Brain
Getting to Know Someone: Familiarity, Person Recognition, and Identification in the Human Brain
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_01627
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发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Kovacs, Gyula
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kovacs, Gyula
在我们的日常生活中，我们不断地了解人们，主要是通过他们的脸。一些神经科学实验表明，熟悉会改变他人面孔的行为处理和潜在的神经表征。在这里，我们提出了一个我们如何真正了解某人的过程的模型。首先，对陌生面孔的纯粹视觉熟悉发生了。其次，相关的非感官信息的积累完善了人的表征，最后，一个人到达了一个阶段，在这个阶段，非常著名的人发生了毫不费力的识别。我们在这里概述神经成像研究，首先评估陌生和熟悉面孔的处理方式和方式的不同，其次，通过分析fMRI适应和多变量模式分析结果，我们估计身份特定表征在大脑中的位置。现有的神经成像数据表明，随着一个人对同一网络中的一个人越来越熟悉，这些信息的不同方面逐渐出现。我们提出了一种新的熟悉和身份加工模型，其中长期记忆和情绪加工区域的不同激活对于正确识别是必不可少的。
In our everyday life, we continuously get to know people, dominantly through their faces. Several neuroscientific experiments showed that familiarization changes the behavioral processing and underlying neural representation of faces of others. Here, we propose a model of the process of how we actually get to know someone. First, the purely visual familiarization of unfamiliar faces occurs. Second, the accumulation of associated, nonsensory information refines person representation, and finally, one reaches a stage where the effortless identification of very well-known persons occurs. We offer here an overview of neuroimaging studies, first evaluating how and in what ways the processing of unfamiliar and familiar faces differs and, second, by analyzing the fMRI adaptation and multivariate pattern analysis results we estimate where identity-specific representation is found in the brain. The available neuroimaging data suggest that different aspects of the information emerge gradually as one gets more and more familiar with a person within the same network. We propose a novel model of familiarity and identity processing, where the differential activation of long-term memory and emotion processing areas is essential for correct identification.