An open-system quantum simulator with trapped ions
An open-system quantum simulator with trapped ions
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DOI：
10.1038/nature09801
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发表时间：
2011-02-24
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Blatt, Rainer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barreiro, Julio T.;Mueller, Markus;Blatt, Rainer
量子系统的控制是基础科学兴趣和承诺强大的应用和技术。在将量子系统从环境中分离出来并相干地控制其动力学方面取得了令人印象深刻的进展，正如在各种物理系统中创建和操纵纠缠所证明的那样。然而，对于开放量子系统来说，通过控制与环境的耦合来设计许多粒子的动力学仍然是一个很大的未知领域。在这里，我们实现了一个实验工具箱，用于模拟一个开放量子系统，最多有五个量子比特（量子位）。我们利用一个具有捕获离子的量子计算架构，将多量子比特门与光泵浦相结合，以实现相干操作和耗散过程。我们通过纠缠态的耗散制备、相干多体自旋相互作用的模拟以及多量子位可观测物的量子非拆除测量来说明我们设计开放系统动力学的能力。通过在相干操作中加入可控耗散，本工作为开放系统量子模拟和计算提供了新的前景。
The control of quantum systems is of fundamental scientific interest and promises powerful applications and technologies. Impressive progress has been achieved in isolating quantum systems from the environment and coherently controlling their dynamics, as demonstrated by the creation and manipulation of entanglement in various physical systems. However, for open quantum systems, engineering the dynamics of many particles by a controlled coupling to an environment remains largely unexplored. Here we realize an experimental toolbox for simulating an open quantum system with up to five quantum bits (qubits). Using a quantum computing architecture with trapped ions, we combine multi-qubit gates with optical pumping to implement coherent operations and dissipative processes. We illustrate our ability to engineer the open-system dynamics through the dissipative preparation of entangled states, the simulation of coherent many-body spin interactions, and the quantum non-demolition measurement of multi-qubit observables. By adding controlled dissipation to coherent operations, this work offers novel prospects for open-system quantum simulation and computation.