Postural perturbations: New insights for treatment of balance disorders
Postural perturbations: New insights for treatment of balance disorders
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DOI：
10.1093/ptj/77.5.517
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发表时间：
1997-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
ShumwayCook, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Horak, FB;Henry, SM;ShumwayCook, A
本文回顾了通过研究对机械扰动的自动反应所理解的姿势的神经控制。最近对姿势扰动反应的研究为如何控制姿势稳定性提供了新的观点，这种观点对物理治疗实践具有深远的影响。我们讨论了平衡障碍康复的影响，并展示了对姿势控制背后的特定系统的理解如何有助于集中和丰富我们的治疗方法。通过了解平衡控制的基本系统，例如策略选择、快速延迟、协调的时间空间模式、力量控制和特定环境的适应，治疗师可以将治疗重点放在每个患者的特定损伤上。对表面平移的姿势反应的研究表明，平衡不是基于一套完整的平衡反射，而是基于可以适应训练和经验的灵活的功能性运动技能。需要更多的研究来确定自动姿势反应的量化对于预测姿势控制系统受限的患者跌倒具有多大的实际意义。
This article reviews the neural control of posture as understood through studies of automatic responses to mechanical perturbations. Recent studies of responses to postural perturbations have provided a new view of how postural stability is controlled, and this view has profound implications for physical therapy practice. We discuss the implications for rehabilitation of balance disorders and demonstrate how an understanding of the specific systems underlying postural control can help to focus and enrich our therapeutic approaches. By understanding the basic systems underlying control of balance, such as strategy selection, rapid latencies, coordinated temporal spatial patterns, force control, and context-specific adaptations, therapists can focus their treatment on each patient's specific impairments. Research on postural responses to surface translations has shown that balance is not based on a fu;ed set of equilibrium reflexes but on a flexible, functional motor skill that can adapt with training and experience. More research is needed to determine the extent to which quantification of automatic postural responses has practical implications for predicting falls in patients with constraints in their postural control system.