Affirming life aquatic for the Ediacara biota in China and Australia
Affirming life aquatic for the Ediacara biota in China and Australia
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确认中国和澳大利亚埃迪卡拉生物群的水生生命
DOI：
10.1130/g34691.1
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发表时间：
2013-10
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Yuan, Xunlai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hughes, Ian V.;Wan, Bin;Chen, Zhe;Yuan, Xunlai
埃迪卡拉生物群长期以来一直被认为是寒武纪大爆发前夕海洋生态系统的快照，为动物的早期进化提供了重要的见解。南澳大利亚埃迪卡拉成员的化石床最近被重新解释为古土壤，而埃迪卡拉化石则被重新解释为生活在陆地土壤上的地衣或微生物菌落。这种重新解释，这里被称为陆地埃迪卡拉假说，将从根本上改变我们对寒武纪大爆发之前生物进化的看法。我们采用比较古生物学方法来检验这一假设。埃迪卡拉段的许多形态与华南埃迪卡拉系海相黑色页岩的组合相同，这些页岩没有显示成土作用的证据。因此，共享的埃迪卡拉化石，以及其他同时出现的化石，不太可能是陆地生物。陆地解释也与功能形态学证据不一致；一些共享形式在形态上无法适应陆地生命最关键的挑战（例如机械支撑和干燥）。因此，陆地埃迪卡拉假说可以在比较古生物学和功能形态学的基础上被证伪，我们敦促古土壤学家批判性地重新评估埃迪卡拉系和其他埃迪卡拉序列的成土证据。
The Ediacara biota has been long championed as a snapshot of the marine ecosystem on the eve of the Cambrian explosion, providing important insights into the early evolution of animals. Fossiliferous beds in the eponymous Ediacara Member of South Australia have been recently reinterpreted as paleosols and Ediacara fossils as lichens or microbial colonies that lived on terrestrial soils. This reinterpretation, here dubbed the terrestrial Ediacara hypothesis, would fundamentally change our views of biological evolution just prior to the Cambrian explosion. We take a comparative paleobiology approach to test this hypothesis. The Ediacara Member shares a number of forms with assemblages in Ediacaran marine black shales in South China, shales that show no evidence of pedogenesis. Thus, the shared Ediacara fossils, and by extension other co-occurring fossils, are unlikely to have been terrestrial organisms. A terrestrial interpretation is also inconsistent with functional morphological evidence; some of the shared forms are not morphologically adapted to address the most critical challenges for terrestrial life (e.g., mechanical support and desiccation). Thus, the terrestrial Ediacara hypothesis can be falsified on comparative paleobiological and functional morphological grounds, and we urge paleopedologists to critically reevaluate evidence for pedogenesis in the Ediacara Member and other Ediacaran successions.
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来自中国和澳大利亚的八臂埃迪卡拉化石保存在对比鲜明的埋藏窗口中
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Gehling, James G.;Xia, Shuhai;Droser, Mary L.;Zhu, Maoyan;Zhao, Yuanlong
通讯作者：
Zhao, Yuanlong
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
G. Retallack
通讯作者：
G. Retallack
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
T. Feng
通讯作者：
T. Feng
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
G. Narbonne;H. Hofmann
通讯作者：
G. Narbonne;H. Hofmann
影响因子：
16.8
作者：
S. Xiao;M. Laflamme
通讯作者：
S. Xiao;M. Laflamme