Soil biofilm formation enhances microbial community diversity and metabolic activity
Soil biofilm formation enhances microbial community diversity and metabolic activity
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土壤生物膜的形成增强微生物群落多样性和代谢活性
DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2019.105116
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Huang Qiaoyun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu Yichao;Cai Peng;Jing Xinxin;Niu Xueke;Ji D;an;Ashry Noha Mohamed;Gao Chunhui;Huang Qiaoyun
生物膜在水生和临床环境中已被广泛研究。然而，土壤微环境的复杂性阻碍了对土壤生物膜环境功能和生态学作用的认识。采用人工土壤研究了土壤生物膜的形成及其对群落结构和微生物活动的影响。结果表明，高浓度葡萄糖可显著促进胞外聚合物（EPS）的产生，并形成微米级的细胞聚集体。生物膜的形成对土壤微生物过程有显著影响。16 S rRNA基因测序结果表明，具有生物膜的土壤和具有自由活细胞的土壤具有相似的微生物群落。而有土壤生物膜的群落Shannon多样性指数和均匀度指数分别提高了18.2%和17.1%。具有生物膜的土壤还揭示了对养分供应的快速响应和强大的微生物活性，其在表土（0-1.5 mm）中消耗了65.4%的氧气。动态呼吸分析表明，代谢活性的增强归因于23倍的活跃的微生物在土壤生物膜。综上所述，本研究揭示了土壤生物膜可以维持一个多样化和强大的社区，以驱动土壤生态地球化学过程。
Biofilms have been extensively studied in aquatic and clinical environments. However, the complexity of edaphic microenvironment hinders the advances toward understanding the environmental functionalities and ecological roles of soil biofilms. In this work, artificial soil was employed to investigate the soil biofilm formation and corresponding impacts on community structure and microbial activities. Our results showed that extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production was significantly enhanced and micro-meter sized cell aggregates formed with high glucose amendment. Biofilm development exhibited significant effects on the soil microbial processes. 16S rRNA gene sequencing demonstrated the soils with biofilms and free-living cells shared similar microbial communities. But the Shannon diversity and evenness indices of communities with soil biofilms were significantly enhanced by 18.2% and 17.1%. The soil with biofilms also revealed a rapid response to nutrient provision and robust microbial activity, which consumed 65.4% more oxygen in the topsoil (0–1.5 mm). Kinetic respiration analysis showed that the enhanced metabolic activity was attributed to 23-times more active microbes in soil biofilms. In summary, this study revealed that soil biofilms can sustain a diverse and robust community to drive soil biogeochemical processes.