Role of training dose in drug discrimination: a review.
Role of training dose in drug discrimination: a review.
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DOI：
10.1097/fbp.0b013e328349ab37
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发表时间：
2011-09
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Grant KA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stolerman IP;Childs E;Ford MM;Grant KA
至少 40 年来，药物辨别一直是行为药理学的一项重要技术。药物产生的歧视性刺激的特征受到行为和药理学变量的影响，包括用于建立歧视的剂量。本综述涵盖了关于改变药物训练剂量的影响的研究，以寻找适用于不同药物类别和方法学方法的一般原则。关于数量变化，大多数药物类别都发现了训练剂量与获得率或刺激控制幅度之间的关系。当剂量达到一定程度时，获得会加速，超过该程度药物引起的性能损害会产生有害影响。当训练剂量减少时，通过 ED50 值测量的对训练药物的敏感性通常会增加。质的变化更为复杂，似乎分为三类：（i）部分激动剂和完全激动剂之间的泛化概况的变化； (ii) 在小训练剂量下某些歧视的特异性降低，以及 (iii) 通过不同神经递质系统或中枢和外周部位介导的行为的相对显着性发生变化。当应用于阿片类药物、致幻剂和巴比妥类药物时，结合“药物与药物”或“剂量与剂量”意外情况的三杆区分程序比简单的“药物与无药物”方法能够检测到更细微的差异。这些结论对于利用受试者内或受试者间设计来研究药物的歧视性刺激作用的研究数据的解释具有影响。
Drug discrimination has been an important technique in behavioural pharmacology for at least 40 years. The characteristics of drug-produced discriminative stimuli are influenced by behavioural and pharmacological variables, including the doses used to establish discriminations. This review covers studies on the effects of varying the training dose of a drug in a search for general principles that are applicable across different drug classes and methodological approaches. With respect to quantitative changes, relationships between training dose and rate of acquisition or magnitude of stimulus control were found for most drug classes. Acquisition accelerated with dose up to a point beyond which drug-induced impairments of performance had a deleterious impact. Sensitivity to the training drug as measured by ED50 values typically increased when the training dose was reduced. Qualitative changes were more complex and appeared to fall into three categories: (i) changes in profiles of generalisation between partial and full agonists; (ii) reduced specificity of some discriminations at small training doses and (iii) changes in the relative salience of actions mediated through different neurotransmitter systems or from central and peripheral sites. Three-lever discrimination procedures incorporating ‘drug versus drug’ or “dose versus dose” contingencies enabled detection of more subtle differences than the simple ‘drug versus no drug’ approach when applied to the opioid, hallucinogen and barbiturate classes of drugs. These conclusions have implications for the interpretation of data from studies that utilise either within- or between-subject designs for studying the discriminative stimulus effects of drugs.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00674.x
发表时间：
2008-07
期刊：
Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
影响因子：
--
作者：
Helms CM;Rogers LS;Waters CA;Grant KA
通讯作者：
Grant KA