Reactivation of latent HIV by histone deacetylase inhibitors.

Reactivation of latent HIV by histone deacetylase inhibitors.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tim.2013.02.005
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发表时间:
2013-06
影响因子:
15.9
通讯作者:
Verdin, Eric
Verdin, Eric
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shirakawa, Kotaro;Chavez, Leonard;Hakre, Shweta;Calvanese, Vincenzo;Verdin, Eric

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在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)的感染患者中,潜伏的HIV持续存在于CD4+ T细胞中。潜伏期与整合前病毒的转录沉默有关,至少部分是由组蛋白去乙酰化酶(HDACs)驱动的,组蛋白去乙酰化酶是染色质相关蛋白家族,调节组蛋白乙酰化和DNA对转录因子的可及性。值得注意的是,抑制hdac足以在各种实验系统中重新激活一部分潜伏的HIV。这一基本观察结果导致了休克和杀伤的想法,即强迫HIV的转录激活可能导致病毒表达,病毒或宿主诱导的重新激活的细胞死亡,并根除潜伏感染的细胞池。这种干预可能导致治愈艾滋病毒感染者。在这里,我们回顾了HDAC及其抑制剂的基本生物学,HDAC在HIV潜伏期中的作用,以及最近在体外和体内使用HDAC抑制剂重新激活潜伏HIV的研究进展。
Latent HIV persists in CD4+ T cells in infected patients under antiretroviral therapy (ART). Latency is associated with transcriptional silencing of the integrated provirus and driven, at least in part, by histone deacetylases (HDACs), a family of chromatin associated proteins that regulate histone acetylation and the accessibility of DNA to transcription factors. Remarkably, inhibition of HDACs is sufficient to reactivate a fraction of latent HIV in a variety of experimental systems. This basic observation led to the shock and kill idea that forcing the transcriptional activation of HIV might lead to virus expression, to virus-or host-induced cell death of the reactivated cells, and to the eradication of the pool of latently infected cells. Such intervention might possibly lead to a cure for HIV infected patients. Here, we review the basic biology of HDACs and their inhibitors, the role of HDACs in HIV latency and recent efforts to use HDAC inhibitors to reactivate latent HIV in vitro and in vivo.
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