Distributions and habitat associations of deep-water corals in Norfolk and Baltimore Canyons, Mid-Atlantic Bight, USA
Distributions and habitat associations of deep-water corals in Norfolk and Baltimore Canyons, Mid-Atlantic Bight, USA
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.05.008
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Ross, S. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brooke, S. D.;Watts, M. W.;Ross, S. W.
对美国大西洋中部海岸附近的两个主要海底峡谷--巴尔的摩峡谷和诺福克峡谷--进行了一项多学科研究，重点关注峡谷栖息地的生态学和生物学，特别是那些支持深海珊瑚的栖息地。关于这些峡谷的深海珊瑚的历史数据很少，中大西洋区域的记录不到750个，其中大多数是软沉积物物种。这项研究大大增加了目标峡谷和该区域的深海珊瑚记录数量。大型柳珊瑚是暴露在坚硬基质上的主要结构形成珊瑚类群，但也记录了几种硬珊瑚，包括首次在大西洋中部海湾地区观察到的Lophelia pertusa。珊瑚分布在两个峡谷内和峡谷之间各不相同，在巴尔的摩峡谷有大量的珊瑚Paragorgia arborea，在诺福克峡谷有更多的石珊瑚;这些观察结果反映了峡谷之间环境条件的差异，特别是浑浊度。有些物种分布广泛（例如，P. arborea，Primnoa resedaeformis，Anthothela grandiflora），而其他则限于某些栖息地类型和/或深度带（例如，Paramuricea placomus，L. pertusa，Solenosmilia variabilis）。一个物种的分布是由多种因素共同驱动的，其中包括适当的物理结构和环境条件的可用性。虽然结构形成珊瑚（柳珊瑚，分支石珊瑚和大型海葵）的多样性很低，但两个峡谷的许多地区都支持高珊瑚丰度和多样化的珊瑚相关群落。这些峡谷为深海珊瑚群落的发展提供了适当的生境，而在大西洋中部湾的沉积大陆架和斜坡上的其他地方则不容易找到这种生境。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
A multi-disciplinary study of two major submarine canyons, Baltimore Canyon and Norfolk Canyon, off the US mid-Atlantic coast focused on the ecology and biology of canyon habitats, particularly those supporting deep-sea corals. Historical data on deep-sea corals from these canyons were sparse with less than 750 records for the mid-Atlantic region, with most being soft sediment species. This study substantially increased the number of deep-sea coral records for the target canyons and the region. Large gorgonians were the dominant structure-forming coral taxa on exposed hard substrates, but several species of scleractinians were also documented, including first observations of Lophelia pertusa in the mid-Atlantic Bight region. Coral distribution varied within and between the two canyons, with greater abundance of the octocoral Paragorgia arborea in Baltimore Canyon, and higher occurrence of stony corals in Norfolk Canyon; these observations reflect the differences in environmental conditions, particularly turbidity, between the canyons. Some species have a wide distribution (e.g., P. arborea,Primnoa resedaeformis, Anthothela grandiflora), while others are limited to certain habitat types and/or depth zones (e.g., Paramuricea placomus, L. pertusa, Solenosmilia variabilis). The distribution of a species is driven by a combination of factors, which include availability of appropriate physical structure and environmental conditions. Although the diversity of the structure-forming corals (gorgoniahs, branching scleractinians and large anemones) was low, many areas of both canyons supported high coral abundance and a diverse coral-associated community. The canyons provide suitable habitat for the development of deep-sea coral communities that is not readily available elsewhere on the sedimented shelf and slope of the Mid Atlantic Bight. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.