Road to Paris COP21: Towards Soft Global Governance for Climate Change?
Road to Paris COP21: Towards Soft Global Governance for Climate Change?
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发表时间：
2014-12
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通讯作者：
R. Leal-Arcas;L. Carafa
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作者：
R. Leal-Arcas;L. Carafa
本文探讨了中国、美国和欧盟最近的气候政策发展，以及它们对预计于2015年12月在巴黎举行的新的全球气候制度的影响。通往巴黎之路的标志是从全球努力转向国内减缓气候变化的行动，以及从承诺转向对碳减排的贡献。有人认为，新机制正朝着自愿的国家承诺和审查制度迈进，这偏离了欧盟希望达成具有法律约束力的气候条约的愿望，使任何巴黎协议更接近美国和中国对气候变化的软全球治理愿景。这给一个很大的问号，即一个软制度是否以及如何可能实现大气二氧化碳浓度低于百万分之450，以将全球变暖限制在2摄氏度。
This article explores recent climate policy developments in China, the United States (US), and the European Union (EU), as well as their implications for a new global climate regime, expected in December 2015 in Paris. The road to Paris is marked by a shift from global efforts to domestic actions on climate change mitigation, as well as a move from commitments to contributions to carbon emissions reduction. It is argued that the new regime is moving towards a voluntary national pledge and review system which deviates from the EU’s desire for a legally binding climate treaty, bringing any Paris deal closer to the US’s and China’s vision of soft global governance for climate change. This puts a big question mark on whether and how a soft regime could potentially achieve an atmospheric CO2 concentration below 450 parts per million in order to limit global warming to 2 degrees Celsius.