Extracellular matrix and matrix receptors in blood-brain barrier formation and stroke.

Extracellular matrix and matrix receptors in blood-brain barrier formation and stroke.
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DOI:
10.1002/dneu.20954
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发表时间:
2011-11
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Akassoglou, Katerina
Akassoglou, Katerina
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Baeten, Kim M.;Akassoglou, Katerina

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血脑屏障(BBB)的形成主要是为了保护脑微环境免受血浆成分的流入,这可能会干扰神经元功能。血脑屏障是一个功能单位,主要由专门的内皮细胞(EC)内衬脑血管,星形胶质细胞和周细胞。血脑屏障是一种动态结构,在神经系统疾病如中风中会发生改变。EC和星形胶质细胞分泌细胞外基质(ECM)蛋白以产生和维持基底膜(BM)。ECM受体,如整合素和肌营养不良蛋白聚糖也在脑微血管系统中表达,并介导生理学和疾病中细胞和基质成分之间的连接。ECM蛋白和受体引发不同的分子信号,使细胞适应环境变化,并调节生长和细胞运动。ECM的组成在BBB破坏后改变,并直接影响神经系统疾病的进展。本文就ECM成分和整合素受体表达的动态变化及其在生理和病理上对血脑屏障功能的调控作一综述。
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is formed primarily to protect the brain microenvironment from the influx of plasma components, which may disturb neuronal functions. The BBB is a functional unit that consists mainly of specialized endothelial cells (ECs) lining the cerebral blood vessels, astrocytes and pericytes. The BBB is a dynamic structure that is altered in neurologic diseases, such as stroke. ECs and astrocytes secrete extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to generate and maintain the basement membranes (BMs). ECM receptors, such as integrins and dystroglycan are also expressed at the brain microvasculature and mediate the connections between cellular and matrix components in physiology and disease. ECM proteins and receptors elicit diverse molecular signals that allow cell adaptation to environmental changes, and regulate growth and cell motility. The composition of the ECM is altered upon BBB disruption and directly affects the progression of neurologic disease. The purpose of this review is to discuss the dynamic changes of ECM composition and integrin receptor expression that control BBB functions in physiology and pathology.
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