Hippocampal Volume in Psychiatric Diagnoses: Should Psychiatry Biomarker Research Account for Comorbidities?
Hippocampal Volume in Psychiatric Diagnoses: Should Psychiatry Biomarker Research Account for Comorbidities?
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DOI：
10.1177/2470547020906799
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Salas, Ramiro
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作者：
Gosnell, Savannah N;Meyer, Matthew J;Salas, Ramiro
背景技术背景：许多研究论文声称，患有特定精神疾病（重度抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍、边缘型人格障碍、酒精使用障碍等）的患者的脑电活动较小，但大多数报告将患者与健康对照组进行了比较。我们假设，如果使用精神病学匹配的对照（精神病学对照，人口统计学和精神病合并症匹配），精神病学研究中的大部分生物标志物文献将无法复制。我们仅使用海马体和杏仁核体积作为示例，因为这些是精神病学生物标志物研究中非常常见的重复结果。我们建议，精神病学生物标志物的研究可以受益于使用精神病对照，使用健康对照的结果，在数据不disorder-specific.METHOD：海马/杏仁核体积之间进行了比较，重度抑郁症，性别/年龄/种族匹配的健康对照，和精神病对照（N=126/组）。对创伤后应激障碍（N=67）、边缘型人格障碍（N=111）和酒精使用障碍（N=136）进行了类似的比较。结果：与健康对照组相比，重度抑郁症患者的左侧（p=8.79*10-3）和右侧（p=3.13*10-3）海马体积较小。创伤后应激障碍患者的左（p=0.018）和右（p=8.64*10-4）腰肌比健康对照组小。与健康对照组相比，边缘型人格障碍患者的右侧海马（p=7.90*10-3）和杏仁核（p=1.49*10-3）较小。与健康对照组相比，酒精使用障碍患者的右侧海马（p=0.034）和杏仁核（p= 0.024）较小。四个诊断组和精神control.CONCLUSION：当使用精神对照组之间没有发现任何差异，海马或杏仁核体积之间的任何诊断研究和控制。这种策略（保持所有可能的相关变量在实验组之间匹配）已经被用于推动科学发展数百年，我们建议也应该用于生物标志物精神病学研究。
BACKGROUND: Many research papers claim that patients with specific psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, alcohol use disorder, and others) have smaller hippocampi, but most of those reports compared patients to healthy controls. We hypothesized that if psychiatrically matched controls (psychiatric control, matched for demographics and psychiatric comorbidities) were used, much of the biomarker literature in psychiatric research would not replicate. We used hippocampus and amygdala volume only as examples, as these are very commonly replicated results in psychiatry biomarker research. We propose that psychiatry biomarker research could benefit from using psychiatric controls, as the use of healthy controls results in data that are not disorder-specific.METHOD: Hippocampus/amygdala volumes were compared between major depressive disorder, sex-/age-/race-matched healthy control, and psychiatric control (N=126/group). Similar comparisons were performed for posttraumatic stress disorder (N=67), borderline personality disorder (N=111), and alcohol use disorder (N=136).RESULTS: Major depressive disorder patients had smaller left (p=8.79*10-3) and right (p=3.13*10-3) hippocampal volumes than healthy control. Posttraumatic stress disorder had smaller left (p=0.018) and right (p=8.64*10-4) hippocampi than healthy control. Borderline personality disorder had smaller right hippocampus (p=7.90*10-3) and amygdala (p=1.49*10-3) than healthy control. Alcohol use disorder had smaller right hippocampus (p=0.034) and amygdala (p=.024) than healthy control. No differences were found between any of the four diagnostic groups and psychiatric control.CONCLUSION: When psychiatric controls were used, there was no difference in hippocampal or amygdalar volume between any of the diagnoses studied and controls. This strategy (keeping all possible relevant variables matched between experimental groups) has been used to advance science for hundreds of years, and we propose should also be used in biomarker psychiatry research.