Workspace Awareness in Real-Time Distributed Groupware: Framework, Widgets, and Evaluation
Workspace Awareness in Real-Time Distributed Groupware: Framework, Widgets, and Evaluation
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4471-3588-3_18
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Gutwin;S. Greenberg;M. Roseman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Gutwin;S. Greenberg;M. Roseman
共享的物理工作空间提供了丰富的人与人之间的交互，使人们能够随时了解其他人与任务环境的交互情况。这种知识就是工作空间意识，是让团队有效合作的粘合剂的一部分。在为协作提供共享虚拟空间的实时群件系统中，与它们的物理对口物相比，交互的可能性很差。在本文中，我们提出了工作空间意识的概念，作为支持面对面互动中明显的丰富性的一个关键。我们构建了一个概念性框架来描述工作空间感知的元素和机制，并将该框架应用于小部件的设计，以帮助人们在实时分布式组件中保持感知。我们对这些小部件的评估表明，有几种设计提高了群件应用程序的可用性。
The rich person-to-person interaction afforded by shared physical workspaces allows people to maintain up-to-the minute knowledge about others’ interaction with the task environment. This knowledge isworkspace awareness, part of the glue that allows groups to collaborate effectively. In real-time groupware systems that provide a shared virtual space for collaboration, the possibilities for interaction are impoverished when compared with their physical counterparts. In this paper, we present the concept of workspace awareness as one key to supporting the richness evident in face-to-face interaction. We construct a conceptual framework that describes the elements and mechanisms of workspace awareness, and apply the framework to the design of widgets that help people maintain awareness in real-time distributed groupware. Our evaluation of these widgets has shown that several designs improve the usability of groupware applications.