A Pacific Moisture Conveyor Belt and Its Relationship to a Significant Precipitation Event in the Semiarid Southwestern United States
A Pacific Moisture Conveyor Belt and Its Relationship to a Significant Precipitation Event in the Semiarid Southwestern United States
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太平洋水分输送带及其与美国西南部半干旱地区一次重大降水事件的关系
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jonathan E. Martin
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作者：
P. Knippertz;Jonathan E. Martin
摘要在这项研究中，术语水汽输送带（MCB）被定义为一个细长的带的增强极向水汽通量（WVFs）以上的边界层是植根于热带地区。这个新的术语是通过一个示范性的详细的案例研究，在2003年11月9日至13日，在东北太平洋的MCB提供了一个显着的降水事件在干燥的美国西南部的水分。所涉及的水分输送和动力学的分析包括欧拉和拉格朗日方法，并根据威斯康星大学非流体静力学建模系统的模拟输出，以及分析数据，表面观测和卫星图像。MCB的形成与北太平洋上的一次破波事件产生的准静止上层截止低压（COL）有关。在COL以东存在一个明显的对流层上层斜压带和一个强的惯性不稳定副热带急流（STJ）。
Abstract In this study the term moisture conveyor belt (MCB) is defined as an elongated band of enhanced poleward water vapor fluxes (WVFs) above the PBL that is rooted in the Tropics. This new terminology is illustrated through an exemplary detailed case study of an MCB over the northeastern Pacific during 9–13 November 2003 that provides the moisture for a significant precipitation event in the dry southwestern United States. The analysis of the involved moisture transports and dynamics comprises both Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches, and is based upon output from a simulation with the University of Wisconsin-Nonhydrostatic Modeling System, as well as analysis data, surface observations, and satellite images. The formation of the MCB is related to a quasi-stationary upper-level cutoff low (COL) resulting from a wave-breaking event over the North Pacific. A pronounced upper-tropospheric baroclinic zone and a strong, inertially unstable subtropical jet (STJ) are found to the east of the COL, where at la...