GM-ALLOTYPES AND KM-ALLOTYPES IN 74 CHINESE POPULATIONS - A HYPOTHESIS OF THE ORIGIN OF THE CHINESE NATION
GM-ALLOTYPES AND KM-ALLOTYPES IN 74 CHINESE POPULATIONS - A HYPOTHESIS OF THE ORIGIN OF THE CHINESE NATION
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00286699
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发表时间：
1989-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
LEE, TD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ZHAO, T;LEE, TD
本文报道了中国74个地理群体免疫球蛋白Gm和Km同种异型的分布。这些人口来自24个民族，占中国总人口的96.6%。共有9,560个个体被分型为Gm（1，2，3，5，21）因子，9,611个个体被分型为Km（1）因子。根据Gm单倍型频率和遗传距离构建系统发育树。聚类分析的结果显示了中华民族的异质性，证实了现代中华民族起源于两个不同的人群的假设，一个人群起源于黄河流域，另一个人群起源于新石器时代早期（3000 - 7000年前）的长江流域。对74个中国人群和33个主要种族群体的Gm单倍型频率进行了比较。结果表明，在人类进化过程中，黑人群体和高加索-蒙古人种群体首先分化，然后是高加索人种和蒙古人种之间的分化。种间差异大于种内差异。蒙古人种似乎有两个不同的亚群：北方蒙古人种和南方蒙古人种。北方蒙古人种和南方蒙古人种分别具有与小种相关的单倍型标记Gm 1;21和Gm 1，3;5。此外，高加索相关的单倍型Gm 3;5被发现在一些少数民族生活在中国西北地区。Gm 3;5单倍型的存在归因于生活在丝绸之路中亚的高加索人。估计了白种人混合物的数量。与Gm单倍型分布相反，Km 1基因频率在所研究的群体中呈随机分布。
This paper reports the distribution of immunoglobulin Gm and Km allotypes in 74 Chinese geographical populations. These populations are derived from 24 nationalities comprising 96.6% of the total population of China. A total of 9,560 individuals were phenotyped for Gm(1,2,3,5,21) factors, and 9,611 were phenotyped for Km(1). Phylogenetic trees were constructed on the basis of Gm haplotype frequencies and genetic distances. The results of cluster analysis show the heterogeneity of the Chinese nation, and confirm the hypothesis that the modern Chinese nation originated from two distinct populations, one population originating in the Yellow River valley and the other originating in the Yangtze River valley during early neolithic times (3,000-7,000 years ago). Frequencies of the Gm haplotype of 74 Chinese populations were compared with those of 33 populations from major racial groups. The results suggest that during human evolution, the Negroid group and Caucasoid-Mongoloid group diverged first, followed by a divergence between the Caucasoid and Mongoloid. Interrace divergence is high in comparison with intrarace divergence. There appear to be two distinct subgroups of Mongoloid, northern and southern Mongoloid. The northern and southern Mongoloid have Gm1;21 and Gm1,3;5 haplotyes as race-associate markers, respectively. Furthermore, the Caucasian-associated haplotype Gm3;5 was found in several of the minorities living in the northwest part of China. The presence of the Gm3;5 haplotype is attributed to the Caucasians living in Central Asia throughout the Silk Road. The amount of Caucasian admixture has been estimated. In contrast to the Gm haplotype distribution, Km1 gene frequencies showed a random distribution in the populations studied.