The time course of responding to aversiveness in females with a history of non-suicidal self-injury
The time course of responding to aversiveness in females with a history of non-suicidal self-injury
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.04.008
复制
发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Shankman, Stewart A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Funkhouser, Carter J.;Correa, Kelly A.;Shankman, Stewart A.
非自杀性自我伤害是自杀行为的危险因素，尤其是在女性中。两个突出的自杀理论表明，对NSSI的心理生理厌恶的习惯性是NSSI暴露可能导致自杀风险增加的一种机制。几项考察生理习惯化和自杀未遂历史之间关系的实验室研究结果喜忧参半，可能是因为它们使用了广泛的生理唤醒措施和/或专注于特定的精神病理。然而，还没有研究考察对厌恶反应的时间进程(如习惯化、初始反应)与NSSI之间的关系，这可能有助于阐明NSSI的心理生理机制。因此，我们考察了三组年轻成年女性的习惯性和对厌恶的初始反应(以声学惊吓反射的时间进程为索引，这是一种经过充分验证的防御反应衡量标准)，其中包括三组有NSSI病史的年轻成年女性，与潜在混淆(例如，精神病理学、创伤病史、演示图示)匹配的精神控制组，以及健康对照组。结果表明，与两个对照组相比，有NSSI病史的个体表现出迟钝的初始反应和对厌恶的轻微习惯化。NSSI组对厌恶的不敏感可能反映了先前的心理生理习惯，并可能是先前NSSI暴露导致自杀行为风险增加的机制。
Non-suicidal self-injury is a risk factor for suicidal behavior, particularly in females. Two prominent theories of suicide suggest that habituation to the psychophysiological aversiveness of NSSI is a mechanism by which NSSI exposure may lead to increased risk for suicide. Several laboratory studies examining the relationship between physiological habituation and suicide attempt history have yielded mixed results, potentially due to their use of broad measures of physiological arousal and/or focus on specific psychopathologies. However, no studies have examined the association between the time course (e.g., habituation, initial reactivity) of responding to aversiveness and NSSI, which may help to elucidate psychophysiological mechanisms of NSSI. Therefore, we examined habituation and initial reactivity to aversiveness (indexed by the time course of acoustic startle reflex, a well-validated measure of defensive responding) in three groups of young adult females those with a history of NSSI, psychiatric controls matched on potential confounds (e.g., psychopathology, trauma history, demo-graphics), and healthy controls. Results indicated that individuals with a history of NSSI exhibited blunted initial reactivity and marginally slower habituation to aversiveness relative to the two control groups. The NSSI group's insensitivity to aversiveness may reflect prior psychophysiological habituation, and may be a mechanism through which prior NSSI exposure leads to increased risk for suicidal behavior.