Platelets: versatile modifiers of innate and adaptive immune responses to transplants.
Platelets: versatile modifiers of innate and adaptive immune responses to transplants.
复制标题
血小板：对移植的先天和适应性免疫反应的多功能修饰符。
DOI：
10.1097/mot.0b013e3283425365
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发表时间：
2011-02
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Morrell CN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baldwin WM 3rd;Kuo HH;Morrell CN
在过去的十年中，有越来越多的实验数据表明，血小板有助于急性血管炎症和动脉粥样硬化。这篇综述集中在最近的研究结果，血小板相关的移植炎症反应。虽然已经知道血小板通过分泌可溶性介质和释放微粒来调节血管炎症，但是这些机制的新方面正在被定义。例如，血小板衍生的RANTES（CCL5）不仅在同聚体中起作用，而且与血小板因子4（CXCL4）形成更有效的异聚体。这种异聚体的形成可以用小分子来抑制。新的研究结果还表明，血小板微粒与白细胞的异源相互作用可能会增加其影响范围。通过附着于中性粒细胞，血小板微粒似乎迁移出血管并进入它们刺激细胞因子分泌的其他隔室。血小板与细胞外基质的接触也可导致透明质酸裂解成片段，作为内源性危险信号。最近的研究结果扩大了血小板可以改变对移植物的先天性和适应性免疫反应的相互作用范围。
Over the last decade, there has been mounting experimental data demonstrating that platelets contribute to acute vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. This review focuses on recent findings that link platelets to inflammatory responses of relevance to transplants. Although it has been known that platelets modify vascular inflammation by secretion of soluble mediators and release of microparticles, new aspects of these mechanisms are being defined. For example, platelet-derived RANTES (CCL5) not only functions in homomers, but also forms more potent heteromers with Platelet Factor 4 (CXCL4). This heteromer formation can be inhibited with small molecules. New findings also demonstrate heterologous interactions of platelet microparticles with leukocytes that may increase their range of impact. By attaching to neutrophils, platelet microparticles appear to migrate out of blood vessels and into other compartments where they stimulate secretion of cytokines. Contact of platelets with extracellular matrix also can result in cleavage of hyaluronan into fragments that serve as an endogenous danger signal. Recent findings have expanded the range of interactions by which platelets can modify innate and adaptive immune responses to transplants.