The Global Trend towards Devolution and its Implications
The Global Trend towards Devolution and its Implications
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全球权力下放趋势及其影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Gill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Rodríguez‐Pose;N. Gill
伴随全球化而来的是一种同样全球性的趋势，即权力和资源从民族国家向地区和地方的权力下放，这种权力下放的形式多种多样，取决于推动权力下放的行动者是谁。权力下放的普遍趋势对效率、公平和管理也有重大影响。作者首先概述了权力下放的总体动力，然后继续研究哪些国家正在经历哪些形式的权力下放。一个强调政府合法性在各级政府中的作用的理论论点被用来解释权力下放倡议的多样性，并引用了包括巴西、墨西哥、印度、中国、美国和一些欧洲国家在内的例子。在支持了他们的分权模型之后，作者接着研究了权力向地区广泛向下转移的含义。书中提出了一些讨论较少的去中心化陷阱；本文的建议是，谨慎推动权力下放的努力。
Globalisation has been accompanied by an equally global tendency towards devolution of authority and resources from nation-states to regions and localities that takes on various forms, depending upon which actors are driving the decentralisation efforts. The existence of a general trend towards devolution also has significant implications for efficiency, equity, and administration. The authors outline first the general drive towards devolution and then proceed to examine which countries are experiencing which forms of decentralisation. A theoretical argument emphasising the role of governmental legitimacy across various tiers of government is used to explain the diversity of devolution initiatives, drawing on examples that include Brazil, Mexico, India, China, the USA, and some European countries. Having supported their model of decentralisation, the authors then examine the implications of the widespread downward transfer of power towards regions. Some of the less widely discussed pitfalls of decentralisation are presented; caution in promoting devolutionary efforts is the prescription of this paper.