Prevention of Needless Deaths from Drowning
Prevention of Needless Deaths from Drowning
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DOI：
10.1097/smj.0b013e3181e10564
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发表时间：
2010-07-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Modell, Jerome H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Modell, Jerome H.
目的：为了确定是否故障池维护和不合格的救生员性能严重延迟检索和复苏的一个显着的游泳池溺水victims.Methods：一百八十溺水事件，导致诉讼1998年至2008年进行了研究，以确定是否故障池维护和/或不合格的救生员性能延迟检索，从而导致这些人的死亡。总共有180个游泳池，包括商业和私人游泳池。其中97个游泳池有救生员。主题谁经历了溺水过程中，遭受严重的脑损伤或死亡进行了审查，以确定救援和复苏的尝试，救生员或旁观者在pool.Results：一百七十七的180人谁经历了溺水过程中死亡。案例进行了分析，是否错误的游泳池维护和/或救生员的性能不合格，导致他们的死亡。造成这种情况的原因是：水浑浊或不干净;排水管在水下产生吸力，使受害者被困;游泳池周围没有足够的围栏，儿童可以通过这些围栏进入;允许儿童在没有成人监督的情况下进入游泳池;允许进行危险的运动，如在水下游泳时过度换气，导致浅水区停电;救生员注意力不集中，被其他人分散注意力，做无关的杂务，离开自己的位置没有适当的救济，而未能进入水中时，告诉人被淹没。学院游泳池维护和救生员不合格的表现严重延误了大量游泳池溺水受害者的检索和复苏。
Objective: To determine whether faulty pool maintenance and substandard lifeguard performance critically delayed retrieval and resuscitation of a significant number of pool drowning victims.Methods: One hundred and eighty drowning incidents that resulted in litigation from 1998 to 2008 were studied to determine whether faulty pool maintenance and/or substandard lifeguard performance delayed retrieval and thereby contributed to the death of these persons. A total of 180 swimming pools-commercial and private-were included. Ninety-seven of these pools were manned by lifeguards. Subjects who underwent the drowning process and suffered severe brain injury or death were reviewed to determine the rescue and resuscitation attempts by lifeguards or bystanders at the pool.Results: One hundred and seventy-seven of the 180 persons who underwent the drowning process died. Cases were analyzed as to whether faulty pool maintenance and/or substandard lifeguard performance contributed to their demise. At fault were cloudy or dirty water; drain pipes that created underwater suction to trap victims; inadequate fencing around pools through which small children gained access; permitting small children to be at the pool without adult supervision; permitting dangerous exercises such as hyperventilation while underwater swimming, resulting in shallow water blackout; lifeguards not being attentive, being distracted by other persons, performing nonrelated chores, leaving their positions without proper relief, while failure to enter the water when told persons were submerged.Conclusion: Faculty pool maintenance and substandard lifeguard performance critically delayed retrieval and resuscitation of a significant number of pool drowning victims.