Institutionalized Instability: Factors Leading to the April 2010 Uprising in Kyrgyzstan
Institutionalized Instability: Factors Leading to the April 2010 Uprising in Kyrgyzstan
复制标题
制度化的不稳定：导致 2010 年 4 月吉尔吉斯斯坦起义的因素
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Gullette
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Gullette
本文探讨了导致2010年4月吉尔吉斯共和国起义的一些因素。根据前几年在发展领域的第一手资料和个人经验，作者描述了破坏人们容忍的潜在不稳定因素，暴力日益成为寻求变革的唯一选择。在讨论了4月6日至8日的事件后，文章回到2005年，看看权力集中在总统周围和反对派的边缘化。在此之后，作者提供了一个详细的审查恶化的发展状况，该国. 2007-2008年全球粮食短缺、干旱和严冬导致吉尔吉斯斯坦粮食和能源更加无保障。本报告审查了这场危机以及随之而来的全球经济危机给家庭带来的更大负担的影响。文章接着讨论了不受欢迎的政府政策和腐败。2010年初推出的一项不受欢迎的能源关税政策造成了进一步的财政问题，许多人认为这有利于总统的家庭。腐败的感觉激怒了许多人，但这也带有恐惧的色彩，因为自巴基耶夫上任以来，许多知名记者和反对派人士遭到袭击或杀害。对话似乎被一位以武力维持其地位的总统扼杀了。外界的批评只会让事情变得更糟。俄罗斯高级政治人物表达的担忧被分析为对总统及其家人失去宽容的另一个因素。最后，作者向新当选的议会和官员提出建议，以减少不稳定，恢复对政府的信心和信任。
This article examines some of the factors that led to the April 2010 uprisings in the Kyrgyz Republic. Based on first-hand accounts and personal experience in the development sphere in the preceding years, the author describes the underlying instability that broke down people`s tolerance, where violence increasingly became the only alternative when seeking change. After a discussion of the events of 6-8 April, the article returns to 2005 to look at the concentration of power around the president and the marginalization of the opposition. Following this, the author provides a detailed examination of the worsening development situation the country. A global food shortage, drought and severe winter in 2007-2008 caused increased food and energy insecurity in Kyrgyzstan. The effects of this and the ensuing global economic crisis are examined in relation to the increased burdens this placed on households. The article then discusses the unpopular government policies and corruption. An unpopular energy tariff policy introduced at the beginning of 2010, created further financial problems, and was felt by many people to benefit the president`s family. Perceived corruption outraged many people, but this was marked also tinged with fear, as a number of high-profile journalist and opposition figures were attacked or killed since Bakiyev took office. Dialogue appeared to have been stifled by a president maintaining his position by force. External criticism only made matters worse. Concerns voiced by senior Russian political figures are analyzed as another factor in the loss of tolerance for the president and his family. As a conclusion, the author makes recommendations for the newly elected parliament and officials to address in order to reduce instability and restore confidence and trust in the government.